Anticholinergic medication: Related dry mouth and effects on the salivary glands.
Anticholinergic medication: Related dry mouth and effects on the salivary glands.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.oooo.2021.08.015
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发表时间：
2021-12
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Watson, Gene E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arany, Szilvia;Kopycka-Kedzierawski, Dorota T.;Caprio, Thomas, V;Watson, Gene E.
唾液腺是抗胆碱能（AC）药物最敏感的靶器官之一，可阻断唾液分泌的神经刺激，减少唾液流量。唾液分泌不足导致口干，导致龋齿、口腔内感染、口面疼痛、说话和吞咽问题以及口腔健康相关生活质量下降。本文综述了目前对AC药物的药代动力学及其对唾液腺毒蕈碱受体的影响的了解，以帮助临床医生预测AC药物引起的口干患者的唾液损伤。我们综述了AC药物的作用机制和性质、抗胆碱能药物的不良反应、对唾液功能的影响以及预防口腔健康损害的处理策略等方面的文献。尽管大量研究报道了药物引起口干的频率，但我们发现预测AC药物引起的低通气的个体易感性的数据非常有限，也没有前瞻性临床研究解决这个问题。口干最常见的原因是具有AC特性的药物，它会干扰唾液分泌的神经刺激。交叉学科治疗应指导药物治疗，牙科干预应以预防AC唾液不良反应和减少AC药物引起的口干的口腔健康负担为目标。
Salivary glands are among the most sensitive target organs of medications with anticholinergic (AC) properties, interrupting the neural stimulation of saliva secretion and reducing saliva flow. Hyposalivation results in dry mouth, leading to dental caries, intraoral infection, orofacial pain, problems with speaking and swallowing, and diminished oral health–related quality of life. Current understanding of the pharmacokinetics of AC medications and their effect on muscarinic receptors in the salivary glands were reviewed to assist clinicians in predicting salivary damage in patients with AC medication–induced dry mouth. We summarized the literature related to the mechanisms and properties of AC medications, anticholinergic adverse effects, and their effect on salivary function and management strategies to prevent oral health damage. Although a large number of studies reported on the frequencies of medication-induced dry mouth, we found very limited data on predicting individual susceptibility to AC medication–caused hyposalivation and no prospective clinical studies addressing this issue. Dry mouth is most frequently caused by medications with AC properties, which interrupt the neural stimulation of saliva secretion. Interdisciplinary care should guide pharmacotherapeutics and dental interventions should aim in preventing AC salivary adverse effects and reducing the oral health burden from AC medication–induced dry mouth.
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影响因子：
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作者：
Giannobile, W V;McDevitt, J T;Malamud, D
通讯作者：
Malamud, D
DOI：
10.1152/ajpcell.1996.271.6.c1963
发表时间：
1996-12-01
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