"Give Everybody [..] a Little Bit More Equity": Content Creator Perspectives and Responses to the Algorithmic Demonetization of Content Associated with Disadvantaged Groups
"Give Everybody [..] a Little Bit More Equity": Content Creator Perspectives and Responses to the Algorithmic Demonetization of Content Associated with Disadvantaged Groups
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“给每个人[..]多一点公平”：内容创作者对弱势群体相关内容的算法非货币化的看法和回应
DOI：
10.1145/3555149
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hong, Jason I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kingsley, Sara;Sinha, Proteeti;Wang, Clara;Eslami, Motahhare;Hong, Jason I.
算法系统有助于管理以用户生成内容为特色的数字平台的治理，包括如何从平台在这些内容上做广告获得的利润中向创作者分配资金。然而，制作关于弱势群体的内容的创作者报告说，这种系统是有偏见的，将他们的内容与禁止或不安全的内容联系在一起，导致创作者认为很容易错误地决定将他们的视频妖魔化。在这些报告的推动下，我们展示了对20位YouTube创作者的采访结果，并对有关废钞案的视频、推文和新闻进行了内容分析，以了解YouTube用户对废钞影响弱势群体或弱势群体视频的看法，以及创作者对废钞的反应，以及他们需要什么样的工具和基础设施支持。我们发现，创作者担心YouTube的算法系统以有害的方式对弱势群体的内容进行刻板印象，例如将其标记为对儿童或家庭“不安全”——创作者认为这些非货币化错误会导致一系列经济、社会和个人伤害。为了给这些发现提供更多的背景，我们分析并报告了一些创作者用来审核YouTube算法的技术，以了解什么可能导致以LGBTQ人群、文化和/或社会问题为主题的视频被禁止使用。为了回应人们对废钞错误的原因和危害的不同看法，我们发现我们的受访者想要更多关于废钞案例和错误的可靠信息和统计数据，对他们的内容和广告有更多的控制，以及更好的经济安全。
Algorithmic systems help manage the governance of digital platforms featuring user-generated content, including how money is distributed to creators from the profits a platform earns from advertising on this content. However, creators producing content about disadvantaged populations have reported that these kinds of systems are biased, having associated their content with prohibited or unsafe content, leading to what creators believed were error-prone decisions to demonetize their videos. Motivated by these reports, we present the results of 20 interviews with YouTube creators and a content analysis of videos, tweets, and news about demonetization cases to understand YouTubers' perceptions of demonetization affecting videos featuring disadvantaged or vulnerable populations, as well as creator responses to demonetization, and what kinds of tools and infrastructure support they desired. We found creators had concerns about YouTube's algorithmic system stereotyping content featuring vulnerable demographics in harmful ways, for example by labeling it "unsafe'' for children or families -- creators believed these demonetization errors led to a range of economic, social, and personal harms. To provide more context to these findings, we analyzed and report on the technique a few creators used to audit YouTube's algorithms to learn what could cause the demonetization of videos featuring LGBTQ people, culture and/or social issues. In response to the varying beliefs about the causes and harms of demonetization errors, we found our interviewees wanted more reliable information and statistics about demonetization cases and errors, more control over their content and advertising, and better economic security.
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