Effects of diabetes on hippocampal neurogenesis: links to cognition and depression.
Effects of diabetes on hippocampal neurogenesis: links to cognition and depression.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.03.010
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发表时间：
2013-09
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Lucki I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ho N;Sommers MS;Lucki I
糖尿病通常会导致一些涉及大脑功能的并发症，包括认知能力下降和抑郁症。此外，抑郁症是患糖尿病的危险因素。海马神经可塑性的丧失，损害了大脑适应和重组关键行为和情感功能的能力，为理解这种相互关系提供了一个框架。本文综述了1型和2型糖尿病实验模型中糖尿病对大脑和行为功能的影响，重点关注海马神经发生受损、树突重塑和细胞凋亡增加的负面影响。在糖尿病模型中显示调节神经可塑性和行为的机制，包括应激激素、神经递质、神经营养因子、炎症和衰老，都整合在这个框架内。海马功能的病理变化可能导致糖尿病相关并发症的脑症状，因为它不能调节下丘脑-垂体-轴，维持学习和记忆，并控制情绪表达。进一步表征神经可塑性沿着血糖控制的改变，将有助于开发和评估能够成功预防和/或逆转糖尿病对大脑和行为的有害影响的药物干预。
Diabetes often leads to a number of complications involving brain function, including cognitive decline and depression. In addition, depression is a risk factor for developing diabetes. A loss of hippocampal neuroplasticity, which impairs the ability of the brain to adapt and reorganize key behavioral and emotional functions, provides a framework for understanding this reciprocal relationship. The effects of diabetes on brain and behavioral functions in experimental models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes are reviewed, with a focus on the negative impact of impaired hippocampal neurogenesis, dendritic remodeling and increased apoptosis. Mechanisms shown to regulate neuroplasticity and behavior in diabetes models, including stress hormones, neurotransmitters, neurotrophins, inflammation and aging, are integrated within this framework. Pathological changes in hippocampal function can contribute to the brain symptoms of diabetes-associated complications by failing to regulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-axis, maintain learning and memory and govern emotional expression. Further characterization of alterations in neuroplasticity along with glycemic control will facilitate the development and evaluation of pharmacological interventions that could successfully prevent and/or reverse the detrimental effects of diabetes on brain and behavior.
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