Poly(ADP-ribosylation) of P-TEFb by PARP1 disrupts phase separation to inhibit global transcription after DNA damage.

Poly(ADP-ribosylation) of P-TEFb by PARP1 disrupts phase separation to inhibit global transcription after DNA damage.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41556-022-00872-5
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发表时间:
2022-04
影响因子:
21.3
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学1区
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DNA损伤关闭全基因组转录以防止转录突变并启动修复信号,但阻止延长RNA聚合酶(Pol)II的机制尚未完全了解。聚(ADP-核糖)聚合酶1(PARP 1)是DNA损伤反应的中心,它通过易位到病变部位来启动DNA修复,在病变部位催化蛋白质聚(ADP-核糖基化)。在这里,我们报告说,PARP 1抑制Pol II延长通过失活的转录延伸因子P-TEFb,CDK 9-细胞周期蛋白T1(CycT 1)异二聚体。在感知损伤时,激活的PARP 1结合转录参与的P-TEFb并在多个位置修饰CycT 1,包括很少用作受体位点的组氨酸。这阻止了CycT 1经历CDK 9过度磷酸化Pol II并刺激延伸所需的液-液相分离。在功能上,CycT 1的聚(ADP-核糖基化)促进DNA修复和细胞存活。因此,PARP 1-P-TEFb信号传导在DNA损伤后的转录质量控制和基因组稳定性维持中起保护作用。
DNA damage shuts down genome-wide transcription to prevent transcriptional mutagenesis and initiate repair signaling, but the mechanism to stall elongating RNA polymerase (Pol) II is not fully understood. Central to the DNA damage response, the Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) initiates DNA repair by translocating to the lesions, where it catalyzes protein poly(ADP-ribosylation). Here, we report that PARP1 inhibits Pol II elongation through inactivating the transcription elongation factor P-TEFb, a CDK9-cyclin T1 (CycT1) heterodimer. Upon sensing damage, the activated PARP1 binds to transcriptionally engaged P-TEFb and modifies CycT1 at multiple positions, including histidines that are rarely used as an acceptor site. This prevents CycT1 from undergoing liquid-liquid phase separation that is required for CDK9 to hyperphosphorylate Pol II and stimulate elongation. Functionally, poly(ADP-ribosylation) of CycT1 promotes DNA repair and cell survival. Thus, the PARP1-P-TEFb signaling plays a protective role in transcription quality control and genomic stability maintenance upon DNA damage.
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