Intracerebral propagation of Alzheimer's disease: strengthening evidence of a herpes simplex virus etiology.

Intracerebral propagation of Alzheimer's disease: strengthening evidence of a herpes simplex virus etiology.
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阿尔茨海默病的脑内传播:加强单纯疱疹病毒病因学的证据。

DOI:
10.1016/j.jalz.2012.07.005
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发表时间:
2013-03
期刊:
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Hill JM
Hill JM
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ball MJ;Lukiw WJ;Kammerman EM;Hill JM

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一种有缺陷的人类蛋白质,异常磷酸化的tau,最近被公开在阿尔茨海默病患者的大脑中从神经元到神经元“像病毒一样”传播。几十年来,我们一直在积累证据,表明单纯疱疹病毒1型(HSV-1),而不是p-tau,传播这种神经元间,跨突触病理级联。我们重申我们自己的令人信服的数据,(和其他)实验室,回顾了脑干和/或内嗅皮层中的第一个解剖学立足点神经元缠结;三叉神经节的慢性免疫监视细胞结构,其中HSV-1从潜伏期唤醒以重新激活; p-tau蛋白的物理特性无法促进其跳跃突触;人p-tau和VP 22之间的氨基酸同源性,VP 22是HSV丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶UL 13磷酸化的关键靶点; HSV-1感染细胞的L-颗粒的外泌体分泌,证明疱疹病毒的microRNA在细胞间通过。现在成熟的结构,重新激活HSV-1最好地解释了AD变化在人脑中的脑内传播,这似乎是非常有吸引力的。这一假设甚至可以解释一些研究中他汀类药物降低AD发病率的明显机制。如果资助机构能够迅速点燃一个新的研究领域,那么通过已经可用且相对安全的抗病毒疗法,测试这种乐观结构的重新焕发的热情对于快速、有效的临床应用具有不可估量的潜力。
A faulty human protein, abnormally phosphorylated tau, was recently publicized to spread “like a virus” from neuron to neuron in Alzheimer patients' brains. For several decades, we have been amassing arguments showing that herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), not p-tau, propagates this inter-neuronal, trans-synaptic pathological cascade. We reiterate convincing data from our own (and other) laboratories, reviewing the first anatomic foothold neurofibrillary tangles gain in brainstem and/or entorhinal cortex; the chronic immunosurveillance cellularity of the trigeminal ganglia wherein HSV-1 awakens from latency to reactivate; the inabilities of p-tau protein's physical properties to promote it to jump synapses; the amino-acid homology between human p-tau and VP22, a key target for phosphorylation by HSV serine/threonine-protein kinase UL13; and the exosomic secretion of HSV-1-infected cells' L-particles, attesting to the cell-to-cell passage of microRNAs of herpes viruses. The now-maturing construct that reactivated HSV-1 best accounts for the intracerebral propagation of AD changes in the human brain should at last seem highly attractive. This hypothesis might even explain statins' apparent mechanism in some studies for lowering AD incidence. Provided that funding agencies will quickly ignite a new realm of investigation, the rejuvenated enthusiasm for testing this optimistic construct holds incalculable potential for rapid, efficacious clinical application, through already available and relatively safe anti-viral therapeutics.
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