Wavelet brain angiography suggests arteriovenous pulse wave phase locking.
Wavelet brain angiography suggests arteriovenous pulse wave phase locking.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0187014
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Butler WE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Butler WE
当每搏输出量的动脉血到达大脑时，由于动脉血和静脉血的比例变化，骨颅骨中的总血量必须保持恒定，并且在心动周期结束时，必须已经喷射出等量的静脉血。我假设大脑通过动脉和静脉循环之间的腔外介导的信息交换来支持这一过程。为了测试这一点，我介绍小波血管造影方法来解决单一的移动血管脉搏波（PW）在大脑中，同时测量脑脉冲运动。小波方法需要以比心脏频率显著更快的速率采集血管造影数据。我从开颅手术时的脑表面光学血管造影和通过颅窗的超声血管造影获得了人类的这些数据。我利用血管造影的飞行时间来分辨动脉和静脉循环。最初的小波重建证明不令人满意，因为血管造影运动混淆从脑脉冲运动。数值模拟的脑血管造影片的测试，使血管PW电影成像方法的发展的基础上互相关小波的混合高频和高时间分辨率分别衰减频率和运动混叠。应用于人类和小猪的数据，该方法解决了个别动脉和静脉PW，并发现它们是锁相与脑脉冲运动的单独的相位关系。这与脉搏运动介导的动脉和静脉PW协调一致，并指出脑室内脑脊液功能的可检验假设。
When a stroke volume of arterial blood arrives to the brain, the total blood volume in the bony cranium must remain constant as the proportions of arterial and venous blood vary, and by the end of the cardiac cycle an equivalent volume of venous blood must have been ejected. I hypothesize the brain to support this process by an extraluminally mediated exchange of information between its arterial and venous circulations. To test this I introduce wavelet angiography methods to resolve single moving vascular pulse waves (PWs) in the brain while simultaneously measuring brain pulse motion. The wavelet methods require angiographic data acquired at significantly faster rate than cardiac frequency. I obtained these data in humans from brain surface optical angiograms at craniotomy and in piglets from ultrasound angiograms via cranial window. I exploit angiographic time of flight to resolve arterial from venous circulation. Initial wavelet reconstruction proved unsatisfactory because of angiographic motion alias from brain pulse motion. Testing with numerically simulated cerebral angiograms enabled the development of a vascular PW cine imaging method based on cross-correlated wavelets of mixed high frequency and high temporal resolution respectively to attenuate frequency and motion alias. Applied to the human and piglet data, the method resolves individual arterial and venous PWs and finds them to be phase locked each with separate phase relations to brain pulse motion. This is consistent with arterial and venous PW coordination mediated by pulse motion and points to a testable hypothesis of a function of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain.
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