Mechanistic basis for chromosomal translocations at the E2A gene and its broader relevance to human B cell malignancies.

Mechanistic basis for chromosomal translocations at the E2A gene and its broader relevance to human B cell malignancies.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109387
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发表时间:
2021-07-13
期刊:
影响因子:
8.8
通讯作者:
Lieber MR
Lieber MR
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Liu D;Loh YE;Hsieh CL;Lieber MR

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Analysis of translocation breakpoints in human B cell malignancies reveals that DNA double-strand breaks at oncogenes most frequently occur at CpG sites located within 20–600 bp fragile zones and depend on activation-induced deaminase (AID). AID requires single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) to act, but it has been unclear why or how this region transiently acquires a ssDNA state. Here, we demonstrate the ssDNA state in the 23 bp E2A fragile zone using several methods, including native bisulfite DNA structural analysis in live human pre-B cells. AID deamination within the E2A fragile zone does not require but is increased upon transcription. High C-string density, nascent RNA tails, and direct DNA sequence repeats prolong the ssDNA state of the E2A fragile zone and increase AID deamination at overlapping AID hotspots that contain the CpG sites at which breaks occur in patients. These features provide key insights into lymphoid fragile zones generally. In patient lymphoid malignancies, there is typically an initial chromosomal translocation that involves upregulation of an oncogenic factor. The DNA breakage at these oncogenes occurs at AID hotspots that also contain CpG sites. The AID enzyme requires single-stranded DNA to act, and here Liu et al. examine how this arises.
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