Mortality risk associated with short-term exposure to traffic particles and sulfates.
Mortality risk associated with short-term exposure to traffic particles and sulfates.
复制标题
与短期接触交通颗粒和硫酸盐相关的死亡风险。
DOI：
10.1289/ehp.9537
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发表时间：
2007-05
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Schwartz J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maynard D;Coull BA;Gryparis A;Schwartz J
许多研究表明，空气中的颗粒物与死亡风险增加有关，但最近的注意力集中在不同来源的颗粒物的不同毒性上。地理信息系统（GIS）的方法，最近被用来改善暴露评估，特别是交通颗粒，但只有长期暴露。我们采用病例交叉分析法分析了1995-2002年间约100，000例死于各种原因、心血管疾病和呼吸系统疾病的患者。暴露于交通颗粒的估计是地理编码的地址，每个死者的前一天死亡和控制天，这些估计来自一个基于GIS的暴露模型，结合确定性的协变量，如交通密度和气象因素，以及一个平滑的功能的纬度和经度。我们估计，死亡前一天交通颗粒物暴露的IQR增加与全因死亡风险增加2.3%[95%置信区间（CI），1.2%至3.4%]相关。中风死亡率特别高（4.4%; 95%CI，-0.2至9.3%），糖尿病死亡率也是如此（5.7%; 95%CI，-1.7至13.7%）。硫酸盐颗粒在空间上是均匀的，使用中央监测器，我们发现死亡前一天硫酸盐水平的IQR增加与全因死亡风险增加1.1%（95%CI，0.1至2.0%）相关。交通和发电厂颗粒都与波士顿死亡人数的增加有关，交通颗粒的影响更大。
Many studies have shown that airborne particles are associated with increased risk of death, but attention has more recently focused on the differential toxicity of particles from different sources. Geographic information system (GIS) approaches have recently been used to improve exposure assessment, particularly for traffic particles, but only for long-term exposure. We analyzed approximately 100,000 deaths from all, cardiovascular, and respiratory causes for the years 1995–2002 using a case–crossover analysis. Estimates of exposure to traffic particles were geocoded to the address of each decedent on the day before death and control days, with these estimates derived from a GIS-based exposure model incorporating deterministic covariates, such as traffic density and meteorologic factors, and a smooth function of latitude and longitude. We estimate that an IQR increase in traffic particle exposure on the day before death is associated with a 2.3% increase [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2 to 3.4%] in all-cause mortality risk. Stroke deaths were particularly elevated (4.4%; 95% CI, −0.2 to 9.3%), as were diabetes deaths (5.7%; 95% CI, −1.7 to 13.7%). Sulfate particles are spatially homogeneous, and using a central monitor, we found that an IQR increase in sulfate levels on the day before death is associated with a 1.1% (95% CI, 0.1 to 2.0%) increase in all-cause mortality risk. Both traffic and powerplant particles are associated with increased deaths in Boston, with larger effects for traffic particles.
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影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Dockery DW;Luttmann-Gibson H;Rich DQ;Link MS;Mittleman MA;Gold DR;Koutrakis P;Schwartz JD;Verrier RL
通讯作者：
Verrier RL
影响因子：
105.7
作者：
Katsouyanni, K;Touloumi, G;Anderson, HR
通讯作者：
Anderson, HR
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Brauer, M;Hoek, G;Brunekreef, B
通讯作者：
Brunekreef, B
影响因子：
37.8
作者：
O'Neill, MS;Veves, A;Schwartz, J
通讯作者：
Schwartz, J
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Levy, D;Lumley, T;Checkoway, H
通讯作者：
Checkoway, H