Neural correlates of global and specific cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.
Neural correlates of global and specific cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.
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精神分裂症患者整体和特定认知缺陷的神经相关性。
DOI：
10.1016/j.schres.2018.06.017
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发表时间：
2018-11
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Barch DM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jirsaraie RJ;Sheffield JM;Barch DM
认知缺陷是精神分裂症的核心特征，但导致这些特征的神经机制尚未完全了解。本研究调查了背外侧前额叶皮质（DLPFC）、额下回（IFG）、海马和白色物质的体积是否与特定认知领域的损伤相关，包括执行功能、工作记忆、言语记忆、言语流畅性、处理速度和整体功能。本研究中使用的多中心数据来自双相和精神分裂症中间表型网络（B-SNIP），包括206名健康对照和247名精神分裂症或情感障碍患者。基于FreeSurfer中的Destrieux图谱对神经成像数据进行分割。线性回归分析显示，除DLPFC仅与执行功能相关外，整体认知、执行功能、工作记忆和加工速度与所有脑结构相关。当控制整体认知缺陷时，执行功能与白色物质呈显著性趋势，但与DLPFC和IFG继续相关，处理速度与海马体之间的关联也是如此。这些研究结果表明，DLPFC，IFG，海马和白色物质的体积与精神分裂症中观察到的整体认知障碍相关，但某些脑结构也可能与特定领域的缺陷（主要是执行功能）特别相关。
Cognitive deficits are a core feature of schizophrenia, but the neural mechanisms that contribute to these characteristics are not fully understood. This study investigated whether volume of the dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), hippocampus, and white matter were associated with impairment in specific cognitive domains, including executive functioning, working memory, verbal memory, verbal fluency, processing speed, versus global functioning. The multi-site data used in this study was collected from the Bipolar and Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes (B-SNIP), and consisted of 206 healthy controls and 247 individuals with either schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. The neuroimaging data was segmented based on the Destrieux atlas in FreeSurfer. Linear regression analyses revealed that global cognition, executive functioning, working memory, and processing speed were associated with all brain structures, except the DLPFC was only associated with executive fucntion. When controlling for the global cognitive deficit, executive function was trending significance with white matter, but continued to be associated with the DLPFC and IFG, as did the association between processing speed and the hippocampus. These findings suggest that volumes of the DLPFC, IFG, hippocampus, and white matter are associated with the global cognitive impairment seen in schizophrenia, but some brain structures may also be specifically related to domain-specific deficits (primarily executive function) over-and-beyond the global cognitive deficit.
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