Metagenomic profiling of antibiotic resistance and virulence removal: Activated sludge vs. algal wastewater treatment system.
Metagenomic profiling of antibiotic resistance and virulence removal: Activated sludge vs. algal wastewater treatment system.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113129
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发表时间：
2021-10-01
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
Zhang Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cheng X;Xu J;Smith G;Nirmalakhandan N;Zhang Y
传统的活性污泥法(CAS)污水处理厂是抗生素耐药基因(ARGs)和毒力基因(VGS)的来源。作为一种替代方案，提出了一步混养藻类废水处理系统(A-WWT)，在满足所有排放标准的同时，有效地降低了最终出水中的ARGs和VGS。在这项研究中，我们应用元基因组学方法比较了A-WWT系统和CAS系统对ARG和VGS的去除效果。共检出111株ARG亚型和93株VG亚型，分属10个耐药类和19个毒力类。虽然CAS系统降低了大多数ARG类(10个中的7个)和VGS(19个中的11个)的相对丰度，但3个ARG类和7个VG类的相对丰度有所增加。另一方面，A-WWT系统降低了所有类ARG和VGS的相对丰度，并有效地消除了ARG和VGS的大多数亚型。在CAS系统中，携带ARGs和VGS的细菌属扩大，多样性指数大大增加，表明存在水平基因转移(HGT)。相反，A-WWT系统缩小了潜在寄主范围，大大减少了它们的多样性。研究结果突出了CAS系统中ARGs和VGS的潜在风险，并证明了藻基系统去除ARGs和VGS的可行性。
Conventional activated sludge-based (CAS) wastewater treatment plants are known to be a source of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and virulence genes (VGs). As an alternative, a single-step mixotrophic algal wastewater treatment (A-WWT) system is proposed here to effectively reduce ARGs and VGs in the final effluent while meeting all the discharge standards. In this study, we applied the metagenomic profiling approach to compare the A-WWT system against the CAS system in terms of removal efficacy of ARG and VGs. A total of 111 ARG and 93 VG subtypes belonging to 10 antibiotic resistant classes and 19 virulence classes were detected in this study. Although the CAS system reduced the relative abundance of most classes of ARGs (7 of 10) and VGs (11 of 19), 3 ARG classes and 7 VG classes had increased abundances. On the other hand, the A-WWT system reduced the relative abundance of all classes of ARGs and VGs, and effectively eliminated most subtypes of ARGs and VGs. In the CAS system, the bacterial genera carrying ARGs and VGs was expanded, and the diversity index was increased greatly, suggesting the occurrence of horizontal gene transfer (HGT). In contrast, the A-WWT system narrowed down the potential host range and decreased their diversity substantially. Results of this study highlight the potential risk of ARGs and VGs in CAS system and demonstrate the feasibility of the algal-based system in removing ARGs and VGs.
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影响因子：
9.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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