Collective Motion in Human Crowds.

Collective Motion in Human Crowds.
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DOI:
10.1177/0963721417746743
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发表时间:
2018-08
影响因子:
7.2
通讯作者:
Warren WH
Warren WH
中科院分区:
心理学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Warren WH

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鸟群、鱼群和人群的芭蕾舞式运动被认为是个体之间的局部相互作用,在一个自我组织的过程中出现的。因此,解释这种集体行为的关键在于理解这些局部相互作用。经过几十年的理论建模,使用虚拟人群的实验和对真实的人群数据的分析使我们能够破译这些互动的“规则”。基于这样的结果,我们建立了一个动态模型,行人如何将他们的运动与邻居的运动对齐,以及这些二元交互如何在人群中的邻域内组合。该模型的计算机模拟在全球一级产生相干运动,并在局部一级再现个人轨迹。这种方法产生了第一个实验驱动的,自下而上的集体运动模型,为理解日常和紧急情况下更复杂的人群行为模式提供了基础。
The balletic motion of bird flocks, fish schools, and human crowds is believed to emerge from local interactions between individuals, in a process of self-organization. The key to explaining such collective behavior thus lies in understanding these local interactions. After decades of theoretical modeling, experiments using virtual crowds and analysis of real crowd data are enabling us to decipher the ‘rules’ governing these interactions. Based on such results, we build a dynamical model of how a pedestrian aligns their motion with that of a neighbor, and how these binary interactions are combined within a neighborhood in a crowd. Computer simulations of the model generate coherent motion at the global level and reproduce individual trajectories at the local level. This approach yields the first experiment-driven, bottom-up model of collective motion, providing a basis for understanding more complex patterns of crowd behavior in both everyday and emergency situations.
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