Emotional priming depends on the degree of conscious experience.
Emotional priming depends on the degree of conscious experience.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.10.028
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发表时间：
2019-05
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Overgaard M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lohse M;Overgaard M
大多数意识研究实验都假设意识是一种二元的“非此即彼”现象。然而，参与者可以区分简单特征（颜色、形状等）的多个主观体验水平，这与他们在不同任务中的表现相关。由于实验表明多种感知意识水平对多种形式的感知可以无意识地发生这一普遍观点提出了质疑，因此我们研究了情绪启动与能够测量主观体验微小变化的方法相结合。我们表明，对情绪面孔的认识是渐进的，而不是二分法的，并且情绪启动的影响是通过情绪面孔的感知意识水平来预测的，当报告未见时，不会产生任何影响。研究结果质疑无意识感知对行为的影响程度。由于启动是被认为是无意识发生的最确定的现象之一，因此研究结果扩大了越来越多的证据，质疑无意识加工对行为的贡献。情绪启动被认为是无意识感知的基本证据。情绪启动强度是通过分级感知意识水平来预测的。当面孔被报告为看不见时，通过面孔进行情感启动是无效的。面部表情识别随着感知意识水平的提高而逐渐增强。随着面部刺激持续时间的延长，对面部的感知意识逐渐增强。
Most experiments in consciousness research assume that awareness is a dichotomous 'either/or' phenomenon. However, participants can distinguish multiple levels of subjective experience of simple features (colour, shape etc.), which correlate with their performance in different tasks. As experiments showing multiple levels of perceptual awareness question the widespread idea that many forms of perception can occur unconsciously, we investigated emotional priming combined with methods able to measure small variations in subjective experience. We show awareness of emotional faces is gradual rather than dichotomous, and that the effects of emotional priming are predicted by the level of perceptual awareness of emotional faces, with no effects when reported unseen. The results question how much unconscious perceptions can influence behaviour. As priming is one of the most well-established phenomena believed to occur unconsciously, the results expand the growing body of evidence that questions the contributions of unconscious processing on behaviour. Emotional priming is considered fundamental evidence for unconscious perception. Emotional priming strength is predicted by graded perceptual awareness levels. Emotional priming with faces is not effective when faces are reported as unseen. Facial expression recognition increases gradually with perceptual awareness levels. Perceptual awareness of faces increases gradually with duration of face stimuli.
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DOI：
10.1037/h0087416
发表时间：
2003-06-01
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
Hermans, D;Spruyt, A;Eelen, P
通讯作者：
Eelen, P
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Overgaard, Morten;Fehl, Katrin;Cleeremans, Axel
通讯作者：
Cleeremans, Axel
影响因子：
8.2
作者：
Bar, M;Biederman, I
通讯作者：
Biederman, I
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
KUNSTWILSON, WR;ZAJONC, RB
通讯作者：
ZAJONC, RB
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
MURPHY, ST;ZAJONC, RB
通讯作者：
ZAJONC, RB