Cannabinoids for People with ASD: A Systematic Review of Published and Ongoing Studies.
Cannabinoids for People with ASD: A Systematic Review of Published and Ongoing Studies.
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DOI：
10.3390/brainsci10090572
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发表时间：
2020-08-20
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Aguglia E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fusar-Poli L;Cavone V;Tinacci S;Concas I;Petralia A;Signorelli MS;Díaz-Caneja CM;Aguglia E
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的发病机制在很大程度上仍不清楚。在其他生物学假说中，研究人员已经证明了内源性大麻素（eCB）系统的不平衡，该系统调节一些典型的ASD功能受损，如情绪反应和社会互动。此外，大麻二酚（CBD），大麻的非中毒成分，最近被批准用于治疗难治性癫痫。癫痫是自闭症患者的一种常见疾病。此外，这两种情况有一些共同的神经病理机制，特别是gaba能功能障碍。因此，假设大麻素可能有助于改善ASD症状。我们的系统综述是根据PRISMA指南进行的，旨在总结有关大麻素在ASD中使用的文献。通过检索Web of KnowledgeTM、PsycINFO和Embase，我们收录了10篇研究（8篇论文和2篇摘要）。在ClinicalTrials.gov中检索到四个正在进行的试验。这一发现是有希望的，因为大麻素似乎可以改善一些与自闭症相关的症状，如问题行为、睡眠问题和多动，同时对心脏和代谢的副作用有限。相反，关于它们对ASD核心症状的影响的知识却很少。有趣的是，大麻素通常可以减少处方药物的数量，并降低合并癫痫患者的癫痫发作频率。其作用机制可能与ASD患者的兴奋性/抑制性失衡有关。然而，进一步的试验，更好的表征和均质样品，和明确的结果应该实施。
The etiopathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains largely unclear. Among other biological hypotheses, researchers have evidenced an imbalance in the endocannabinoid (eCB) system, which regulates some functions typically impaired in ASD, such as emotional responses and social interaction. Additionally, cannabidiol (CBD), the non-intoxicating component of Cannabis sativa, was recently approved for treatment-resistant epilepsy. Epilepsy represents a common medical condition in people with ASD. Additionally, the two conditions share some neuropathological mechanisms, particularly GABAergic dysfunctions. Hence, it was hypothesized that cannabinoids could be useful in improving ASD symptoms. Our systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines and aimed to summarize the literature regarding the use of cannabinoids in ASD. After searching in Web of KnowledgeTM, PsycINFO, and Embase, we included ten studies (eight papers and two abstracts). Four ongoing trials were retrieved in ClinicalTrials.gov. The findings were promising, as cannabinoids appeared to improve some ASD-associated symptoms, such as problem behaviors, sleep problems, and hyperactivity, with limited cardiac and metabolic side effects. Conversely, the knowledge of their effects on ASD core symptoms is scarce. Interestingly, cannabinoids generally allowed to reduce the number of prescribed medications and decreased the frequency of seizures in patients with comorbid epilepsy. Mechanisms of action could be linked to the excitatory/inhibitory imbalance found in people with ASD. However, further trials with better characterization and homogenization of samples, and well-defined outcomes should be implemented.
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