Awareness of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in U.S. Young Adults Aged 18-39 Years.
Awareness of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in U.S. Young Adults Aged 18-39 Years.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.amepre.2018.01.022
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发表时间：
2018-04
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
de Ferranti SD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bucholz EM;Gooding HC;de Ferranti SD
患有高脂血症、高血压和糖尿病的年轻人在以后的生活中患心脏病的风险增加。尽管强调早期筛查，但人们对年轻人对这些危险因素的认识知之甚少。2017年分析了2011-2014年全国代表性横断面调查全国健康和营养检查调查的数据，以估计美国18-39岁年轻人自我报告的高胆固醇血症，高血压和糖尿病的患病率（n= 11，083）。使用调查程序将患病率估计值与人口估计值进行加权，使用加权logistic回归确定知晓率的预测因子。在美国年轻人中，高胆固醇血症、高血压和糖尿病的患病率分别为8.8%（SE=0.4%）、7.3%（SE=0.3%）和2.6%（SE=0.2%）。临界高胆固醇、血压和血糖的患病率显著较高（分别为21.6% [SE= 0.6%]、26.9% [SE=0.7%]和18.9% [SE=0.6%]）。高胆固醇血症的知晓率较低（56.9% [SE=2.4%]），高血压和糖尿病的知晓率中等（62.7% [SE=2.4%]和70.0% [SE=2.7%]）;这些危险因素处于临界水平的年轻人中，<25%的人知道自己的风险。风险因素意识的相关因素包括年龄，保险状况，家庭收入高于贫困线，美国血统，有一个通常的医疗保健来源，并存在共病条件。尽管在美国年轻人中心血管危险因素的患病率很高，但意识仍然不够理想。以获取为目标的干预措施可能会提高认识，并有助于实现年轻人的治疗目标。
Young adults with hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes are at increased risk of developing heart disease later in life. Despite emphasis on early screening, little is known about awareness of these risk factors in young adulthood. Data from the nationally representative cross-sectional survey National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2014 were analyzed in 2017 to estimate the prevalence of self-reported awareness of hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and diabetes in U.S. young adults aged 18–39 years (n=11,083). Prevalence estimates were weighted to population estimates using survey procedures, and predictors of awareness were identified using weighted logistic regression. Among U.S. young adults, the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and diabetes was 8.8% (SE=0.4%), 7.3% (SE=0.3%), and 2.6% (SE=0.2%), respectively. The prevalence of borderline high cholesterol, blood pressure, and blood glucose were substantially higher (21.6% [SE= 0.6%], 26.9% [SE=0.7%], and 18.9% [SE=0.6%], respectively). Awareness was low for hypercholesterolemia (56.9% [SE=2.4%]) and moderate for hypertension and diabetes (62.7% [SE=2.4%] and 70.0% [SE=2.7%]); <25% of young adults with borderline levels of these risk factors were aware of their risk. Correlates of risk factor awareness included older age, insurance status, family income above the poverty line, U.S. origin, having a usual source of health care, and the presence of comorbid conditions. Despite the high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in U.S. young adults, awareness remains less than ideal. Interventions that target access may increase awareness and facilitate achieving treatment goals in young adults.
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