The Structure, Function, and Mechanisms of Action of Enterovirus Non-structural Protein 2C.
The Structure, Function, and Mechanisms of Action of Enterovirus Non-structural Protein 2C.
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肠道病毒非结构蛋白2C的结构、功能及作用机制
DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2020.615965
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Du J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang SH;Wang K;Zhao K;Hua SC;Du J
肠道病毒是一组核糖核糖核酸病毒，属于短小核糖核酸病毒科。它们包括人类肠道病毒A、B、C和D组以及非人类肠道病毒。肠道病毒感染可导致手足口病和疱疹心绞痛，其临床表现通常较轻，尽管某些病毒株可导致严重的神经系统并发症，如脑炎、心肌炎、脑膜炎和脊髓灰质炎。到目前为止，对肠道病毒非结构蛋白的研究主要集中在2A和3C蛋白酶以及3D聚合酶上。然而，另一种非结构蛋白2C是最保守的蛋白，在肠道病毒的生命周期中起着至关重要的作用。关于这种蛋白质的研究相对较少。以前的研究表明，肠道病毒2C参与了病毒的脱壳、宿主细胞膜重排、RNA复制、包膜、形态发生、ATPase、解旋酶和陪伴活性。尽管正在进行研究，但对肠道病毒2C蛋白在病毒复制或宿主先天性免疫系统中的发病机制知之甚少。本文对肠道病毒2C蛋白的结构、功能和作用机制的研究现状进行了综述，重点介绍了病毒感染、复制和免疫调节过程中的关键突变和基序。我们还重点介绍了2C蛋白在调节模式识别受体和I型干扰素信号通路以促进病毒复制方面的最新研究进展。鉴于这些功能和机制，还讨论了2C蛋白作为抗病毒药物开发靶点的潜在应用。未来的研究将集中在确定更多的肠道病毒2C蛋白的晶体结构上，这可能为抗病毒药物的开发提供更多潜在的靶点。
Enteroviruses are a group of RNA viruses belonging to the family Picornaviridae. They include human enterovirus groups A, B, C, and D as well as non-human enteroviruses. Enterovirus infections can lead to hand, foot, and mouth disease and herpangina, whose clinical manifestations are often mild, although some strains can result in severe neurological complications such as encephalitis, myocarditis, meningitis, and poliomyelitis. To date, research on enterovirus non-structural proteins has mainly focused on the 2A and 3C proteases and 3D polymerase. However, another non-structural protein, 2C, is the most highly conserved protein, and plays a vital role in the enterovirus life cycle. There are relatively few studies on this protein. Previous studies have demonstrated that enterovirus 2C is involved in virus uncoating, host cell membrane rearrangements, RNA replication, encapsidation, morphogenesis, ATPase, helicase, and chaperoning activities. Despite ongoing research, little is known about the pathogenesis of enterovirus 2C proteins in viral replication or in the host innate immune system. In this review, we discuss and summarize the current understanding of the structure, function, and mechanism of the enterovirus 2C proteins, focusing on the key mutations and motifs involved in viral infection, replication, and immune regulation. We also focus on recent progress in research into the role of 2C proteins in regulating the pattern recognition receptors and type I interferon signaling pathway to facilitate viral replication. Given these functions and mechanisms, the potential application of the 2C proteins as a target for anti-viral drug development is also discussed. Future studies will focus on the determination of more crystal structures of enterovirus 2C proteins, which might provide more potential targets for anti-viral drug development against enterovirus infections.
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影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Cameron CE;Oh HS;Moustafa IM
通讯作者：
Moustafa IM
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
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van Kuppeveld FJ
DOI：
10.1006/bbrc.1995.1010
发表时间：
1995-01-05
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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