Dynamic Functional Organization of Language: Insights From Functional Neuroimaging.

Dynamic Functional Organization of Language: Insights From Functional Neuroimaging.
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DOI:
10.1177/1745691612469021
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发表时间:
2013-01
期刊:
Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Amso D
Amso D
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Blumstein SE;Amso D

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认知科学中最古老的问题之一是,认知操作是模块化的还是跨域分布的。我们认为,功能磁共振成像通过阐明结构/功能关系的性质,对这个问题做出了独特的贡献。我们讨论了语言,这是支持领域专一性的论点的经典领域,以及固定的神经架构。我们将争辩说,功能磁共振成像为这样的观点提供了证据,即存在一个动态的功能体系结构,它在整个生命周期内根据损伤和对语言经验的反应而出现,而不是一个固定的神经体系结构。我们使用经验例子来强调功能磁共振成像如何通过揭示语法的功能不同的模块成分如何招募一些相同的神经区域,如何以领域通用的方式招募被认为是特定领域的区域,以及语言网络专门化和左侧化如何根据经验动态出现,从而帮助重构理论。功能磁共振成像提供了一个了解神经可塑性和动态功能组织的窗口,而行为本身并不容易负担得起。
One of the oldest questions in cognitive science is whether cognitive operations are modular or distributed across domains. We propose that fMRI has made a unique contribution to this question by elucidating the nature of structure/function relations. We discuss language, the classic domain for arguments in favor of domain specificity and a fixed neural architecture. We will argue that fMRI has provided evidence for the idea that rather than a ‘fixed neural architecture’, there is a dynamic functional architecture that emerges across the lifespan, pursuant to injury, and in response to language experience. We use empirical examples to highlight how fMRI has helped restructure theory by shedding light on how functionally distinct modular components of the grammar can recruit some of the same neural regions, how areas considered to be domain-specific may be recruited in a domain general fashion, and how language network specialization and left lateralization dynamically emerge in response to experience. FMRI provides a window into neural plasticity and dynamic functional organization not easily afforded by behavior alone.
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