The effects of distraction on metacognition and metacognition on distraction: evidence from recognition memory.
The effects of distraction on metacognition and metacognition on distraction: evidence from recognition memory.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00439
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Jones DM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beaman CP;Hanczakowski M;Jones DM
到目前为止，听觉分心对记忆任务的影响已经通过尽量减少参与者对自己记忆过程的控制的程序进行了检验。令人惊讶的是，很少有人关注可能影响记忆绩效的元认知控制因素。在本研究中，我们考察了听觉分心对记忆元认知控制的影响，利用元认知框架考察了听觉分心对再认任务的影响，以确定听觉分心是否影响记忆准确性的策略调节。结果重复了之前的发现，表明在任务中，听觉分心会损害记忆表现，使参与者的元认知控制最小化(强制报告测试)。然而，研究结果还显示，当元认知控制被允许时(自由报告测验)，听觉分心对一系列元认知指数产生影响。在本研究中，听觉干扰削弱了元认知监控(分辨率)的准确性，降低了对提供的反应的信心，并相应地增加了参与者在自由报告再认中隐瞒反应的倾向。关键的是，元认知过程的变化与自由报告认知成绩的损害有关，因为在分心状态下使用“不知道”选项导致了在自由报告测试中自愿做出正确回答的数量减少。总体而言，目前的结果表明，听觉分心是如何通过记忆和元记忆过程影响记忆表现的。
The effects of auditory distraction in memory tasks have, to date, been examined with procedures that minimize participants’ control over their own memory processes. Surprisingly little attention has been paid to metacognitive control factors which might affect memory performance. In this study, we investigate the effects of auditory distraction on metacognitive control of memory, examining the effects of auditory distraction in recognition tasks utilizing the metacognitive framework of, to determine whether strategic regulation of memory accuracy is impacted by auditory distraction. Results replicated previous findings in showing that auditory distraction impairs memory performance in tasks minimizing participants’ metacognitive control (forced-report test). However, the results revealed also that when metacognitive control is allowed (free-report tests), auditory distraction impacts upon a range of metacognitive indices. In the present study, auditory distraction undermined accuracy of metacognitive monitoring (resolution), reduced confidence in responses provided and, correspondingly, increased participants’ propensity to withhold responses in free-report recognition. Crucially, changes in metacognitive processes were related to impairment in free-report recognition performance, as the use of the “don’t know” option under distraction led to a reduction in the number of correct responses volunteered in free-report tests. Overall, the present results show how auditory distraction exerts its influence on memory performance via both memory and metamemory processes.
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.23.2.259
发表时间：
1997-03-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Gruppuso, V;Lindsay, DS;Kelley, CM
通讯作者：
Kelley, CM
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Hanczakowski, Maciej;Zawadzka, Katarzyna;Higham, Philip A.
通讯作者：
Higham, Philip A.
DOI：
10.1080/09541440440000023
发表时间：
2005-03-01
期刊：
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
Beaman, CP
通讯作者：
Beaman, CP
DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.19.2.369
发表时间：
1993-03-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
JONES, DM;MACKEN, WJ
通讯作者：
MACKEN, WJ
DOI：
10.1080/713755774
发表时间：
1998-08-01
期刊：
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY SECTION A-HUMAN EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
Beaman, CP;Jones, DM
通讯作者：
Jones, DM