Clickable Biomaterials for Modulating Neuroinflammation.

Clickable Biomaterials for Modulating Neuroinflammation.
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DOI:
10.3390/ijms23158496
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发表时间:
2022-07-31
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学2区
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--
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在创伤或疾病的背景下,神经系统和免疫系统之间的串扰可导致神经炎症状态或外周和中枢免疫细胞的过度募集和激活。神经炎症是无数神经病理学的潜在和促成因素,所述神经病理学包括神经退行性疾病如阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病;自身免疫性疾病如多发性硬化;外周和中枢神经系统感染;以及缺血性和创伤性神经损伤。免疫细胞功能的治疗性调节是一种新兴的策略,以平息神经炎症和促进组织稳态和/或修复。“免疫调节”的一个这样的分支利用生物材料的多功能性,通过直接的细胞-材料相互作用或治疗有效载荷的靶向释放来调节免疫细胞表型。在这方面,生物材料科学的一个日益增长的趋势是使用不干扰生物过程的化学物质,即所谓的“点击”或生物正交反应,来实现材料的功能化。生物正交化学如迈克尔型加成、硫醇-烯反应和狄尔斯-阿尔德反应具有高度特异性,可在活细胞存在下用于材料交联、装饰、蛋白质或细胞靶向以及时空修饰。因此,基于点击的生物材料可以是高度生物活性的,并指导各种细胞功能,即使在神经炎症的背景下。本文将综述基于点击的生物材料在治疗神经炎症和促进神经组织修复方面的最新进展。
Crosstalk between the nervous and immune systems in the context of trauma or disease can lead to a state of neuroinflammation or excessive recruitment and activation of peripheral and central immune cells. Neuroinflammation is an underlying and contributing factor to myriad neuropathologies including neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease; autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis; peripheral and central nervous system infections; and ischemic and traumatic neural injuries. Therapeutic modulation of immune cell function is an emerging strategy to quell neuroinflammation and promote tissue homeostasis and/or repair. One such branch of ‘immunomodulation’ leverages the versatility of biomaterials to regulate immune cell phenotypes through direct cell-material interactions or targeted release of therapeutic payloads. In this regard, a growing trend in biomaterial science is the functionalization of materials using chemistries that do not interfere with biological processes, so-called ‘click’ or bioorthogonal reactions. Bioorthogonal chemistries such as Michael-type additions, thiol-ene reactions, and Diels-Alder reactions are highly specific and can be used in the presence of live cells for material crosslinking, decoration, protein or cell targeting, and spatiotemporal modification. Hence, click-based biomaterials can be highly bioactive and instruct a variety of cellular functions, even within the context of neuroinflammation. This manuscript will review recent advances in the application of click-based biomaterials for treating neuroinflammation and promoting neural tissue repair.
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