The impact of habitat fragmentation on tsetse abundance on the plateau of eastern Zambia.
The impact of habitat fragmentation on tsetse abundance on the plateau of eastern Zambia.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.prevetmed.2009.05.009
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发表时间：
2009-09-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Van den Bossche, P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ducheyne, E.;Mweempwa, C.;De Pus, C.;Vernieuwe, H.;De Deken, R.;Hendrickx, G.;Van den Bossche, P.
采采热传播的人或家畜锥虫病是撒哈拉以南非洲农村发展的主要制约因素之一。该病的流行病学在很大程度上取决于采采蝇的密度。造成采采树种群密度的一个主要因素是有合适的栖息地。在非洲的大部分地区，对人及其牲畜的侵占导致了这种适宜栖息地的破坏和碎片化。为了确定栖息地变化对采采集密度的影响，在赞比亚东部采采集出没地区启动了一项研究。研究区域代表了栖息地变化的梯度，从栖息地破坏程度较高的区域开始，到几乎没有牲畜和人的区域结束。为了确定苍蝇的分布和密度，在整个研究区进行了旱季和雨季采采期的调查。使用高斯最大似然分类器将覆盖研究区域的陆地卫星ETM+图像分为四个土地覆盖类别(Munga、miombo、农业和住区)和两个辅助光谱类别(云和阴影)。班级被重新划分为自然植被区和农业区。将二值图像与六边形叠加，得到空间模式的空间谱。选择六角形覆盖是因为其紧凑和规则的形式。为了确定特定尺度的空间模式和相关的昆虫学现象，六边形覆盖的大小有所不同(250和500米)。每种覆盖度、总类面积、平均斑块大小、斑块数和斑块大小标准差作为破碎化指数。根据碎片化指标值，使用介质周围分割(PAM)方法对研究区域进行分类。使用Wilks‘s Lambda系数来确定类的数量。为了确定栖息地破碎化对采采集丰度的影响，确定了片断化指数与苍蝇表观密度指数之间的相关性，并确定了对采采集丰度影响最大的生境变化。由此可见，栖息地的破碎化与采采蝇的丰度之间存在明显的关系。片断化严重的地区采采蝇数量较少，但当自然植被破碎度降低时，采采蝇数量呈S型曲线增加。
Tsetse-transmitted human or livestock trypanosomiasis is one of the major constraints to rural development in sub-Saharan Africa. The epidemiology of the disease is determined largely by tsetse fly density. A major factor, contributing to tsetse population density is the availability of suitable habitat. In large parts of Africa, encroachment of people and their livestock resulted in a destruction and fragmentation of such suitable habitat. To determine the effect of habitat change on tsetse density a study was initiated in a tsetse-infested zone of eastern Zambia. The study area represents a gradient of habitat change, starting from a zone with high levels of habitat destruction and ending in an area where livestock and people are almost absent. To determine the distribution and density of the fly, tsetse surveys were conducted throughout the study area in the dry and in the rainy season. Landsat ETM+ imagery covering the study area were classified into four land cover classes (munga, miombo, agriculture and settlements) and two auxiliary spectral classes (clouds and shadow) using a Gaussian Maximum Likelihood Classifier. The classes were regrouped into natural vegetation and agricultural zone. The binary images were overlaid with hexagons to obtain the spatial spectrum of spatial pattern. Hexagonal coverage was selected because of its compact and regular form. To identify scale-specific spatial patterns and associated entomological phenomena, the size of the hexagonal coverage was varied (250 and 500 m). Per coverage, total class area, mean patch size, number of patches and patch size standard deviation were used as fragmentation indices. Based on the fragmentation index values, the study zone was classified using a Partitioning Around Mediods (PAM) method. The number of classes was determined using the Wilks’ lambda coefficient. To determine the impact of habitat fragmentation on tsetse abundance, the correlation between the fragmentation indices and the index of apparent density of the flies was determined and habitat changes most affecting tsetse abundance was identified. From this it followed that there is a clear relationship between habitat fragmentation and the abundance of tsetse flies. Heavily fragmented areas have lower numbers of tsetse flies, but when the fragmentation of natural vegetation decreases, the number of tsetse flies increases following a sigmoidal-like curve.
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影响因子：
9.1
作者：
De Clercq, Eva M.;De Wulf, Robert;Van Herzele, Ann
通讯作者：
Van Herzele, Ann
影响因子：
4
作者：
Van den Bossche, P
通讯作者：
Van den Bossche, P
影响因子：
6.6
作者：
Reid, RS;Kruska, RL;Leak, SGA
通讯作者：
Leak, SGA
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Van den Bossche, P;Shumba, W;Makhambera, P
通讯作者：
Makhambera, P
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
VandenBossche, P;Staak, C
通讯作者：
Staak, C