Catalyst-controlled site-selective methylene C-H lactonization of dicarboxylic acids.

Catalyst-controlled site-selective methylene C-H lactonization of dicarboxylic acids.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.abq3048
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发表时间:
2022-06-24
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
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其他
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游离羧酸的β-和γ-亚甲基C─H键的催化剂控制的位点选择性活化是一个长期存在的挑战。在此我们表明,使用一对由具有不同螯合环大小的喹啉 - 吡啶酮配体组装的钯催化剂,有可能对多种二元羧酸进行高度位点选择性的单内酯化反应,通过位点选择性的β-或γ-亚甲基C─H活化生成结构多样且在合成上有用的γ-和δ-内酯。剩余的羧基作为进一步合成应用的通用关键基团,正如从丰富的二元羧酸全合成两种天然产物——漆斑菌素A和柄花碱所证明的那样。 一对钯催化剂能够实现β-和γ-亚甲基C─H键的位点选择性活化,用于从丰富的二元羧酸合成γ-和δ-内酯。
Catalyst-controlled site-selective activation of β- and γ-methylene C─H bonds of free carboxylic acids is a long-standing challenge. Here we show that with a pair of palladium catalysts assembled with quinoline-pyridone ligands of different chelate ring sizes, it is possible to perform highly site-selective monolactonization reactions with a wide range of dicarboxylic acids, generating structurally diverse and synthetically useful γ- and δ-lactones via site-selective β- or γ-methylene C─H activation. The remaining carboxyl group serves as a versatile linchpin for further synthetic applications as demonstrated by the total synthesis of two natural products, myrotheciumone A and pedicellosine, from abundant dicarboxylic acids. A pair of palladium catalysts enable site-selective activation of β- and γ-methylene C─H bonds for the synthesis of γ- and δ-lactones from abundant dicarboxylic acids.
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