Striatal FoxP2 is actively regulated during songbird sensorimotor learning.
Striatal FoxP2 is actively regulated during songbird sensorimotor learning.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0008548
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发表时间：
2010-01-06
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
White SA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Teramitsu I;Poopatanapong A;Torrisi S;White SA
FOXP 2转录因子的突变导致语言障碍，并伴有发育发作。伴随的皮质-纹状体电路结构异常表明，至少有一部分的行为表型是由于组织缺陷。我们以前发现平行FoxP 2表达模式在人类和鸣禽皮层/苍白球纹状体电路学习发声的重要性，这表明FoxP 2的功能在鸟鸣可能概括为语音。我们使用斑胸草雀来解决FoxP 2在这些电路的后组织功能中是否额外重要的问题。在人类和鸣禽中，声音学习依赖于听觉指导来实现和保持最佳的声音输出。我们测试了在歌曲学习的感觉运动阶段之前或期间是否震耳欲聋会破坏歌曲回路中FoxP 2的表达。正如预期的那样，歌曲的青少年是异常的，但基础FoxP 2水平不受影响。相比之下，当听力正常或失聪的青少年在早上唱歌两个小时时，FoxP 2在纹状体歌唱核X区的表达急剧下调。听力正常的鸟类和失聪的鸟类下调的程度相似。有趣的是，FoxP 2水平和歌唱仅在听力正常的鸟类中相关。听力似乎将FoxP 2水平与声乐练习量联系起来。由于幼鸟比成年鸟花更多的时间练习，它们的FoxP 2水平可能更经常地低。编码这种转录因子的mRNA的行为驱动减少可能最终影响在声音探索中起作用的下游分子，特别是在感觉运动学习期间。
Mutations in the FOXP2 transcription factor lead to language disorders with developmental onset. Accompanying structural abnormalities in cortico-striatal circuitry indicate that at least a portion of the behavioral phenotype is due to organizational deficits. We previously found parallel FoxP2 expression patterns in human and songbird cortico/pallio-striatal circuits important for learned vocalizations, suggesting that FoxP2's function in birdsong may generalize to speech. We used zebra finches to address the question of whether FoxP2 is additionally important in the post-organizational function of these circuits. In both humans and songbirds, vocal learning depends on auditory guidance to achieve and maintain optimal vocal output. We tested whether deafening prior to or during the sensorimotor phase of song learning disrupted FoxP2 expression in song circuitry. As expected, the songs of deafened juveniles were abnormal, however basal FoxP2 levels were unaffected. In contrast, when hearing or deaf juveniles sang for two hours in the morning, FoxP2 was acutely down-regulated in the striatal song nucleus, area X. The extent of down-regulation was similar between hearing and deaf birds. Interestingly, levels of FoxP2 and singing were correlated only in hearing birds. Hearing appears to link FoxP2 levels to the amount of vocal practice. As juvenile birds spent more time practicing than did adults, their FoxP2 levels are likely to be low more often. Behaviorally-driven reductions in the mRNA encoding this transcription factor could ultimately affect downstream molecules that function in vocal exploration, especially during sensorimotor learning.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Feenders, Gesa;Liedvogel, Miriam;Rivas, Miriam;Zapka, Manuela;Horita, Haruhito;Hara, Erina;Wada, Kazuhiro;Mouritsen, Henrik;Jarvis, Erich D.
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