Children's Oncology Group's 2013 blueprint for research: epidemiology.

Children's Oncology Group's 2013 blueprint for research: epidemiology.
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DOI:
10.1002/pbc.24434
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发表时间:
2013-06
影响因子:
3.2
通讯作者:
Olshan, Andrew F.
Olshan, Andrew F.
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Spector, Logan G.;Ross, Julie A.;Olshan, Andrew F.

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四十多年来,世界各地的研究人员一直在进行病例对照研究,旨在确定儿童癌症的原因。进行此类研究的主要挑战是儿童癌症的罕见性,因此许多研究通过 COG 等临床试验组织汇总病例。稀有性还妨碍了前瞻性研究设计的使用,因为前瞻性研究设计不太容易出现回忆和选择偏差。尽管存在这些挑战,关于儿童癌症病因学的大量文献已经出现,但几乎没有发现强烈的环境风险因素。因此,遗传学研究现在正崭露头角,并取得了一些成功。流行病学研究的最终目的是通过提出预防措施或可能通过早期检测来减轻儿童癌症的人口负担。
Investigators worldwide have for over forty years conducted case-control studies aimed at determining the causes of childhood cancer. The central challenge to conducting such research is the rarity of childhood cancer, thus many studies aggregate cases through clinical trials organizations such as COG. Rarity also precludes the use of prospective study designs, which are less prone to recall and selection biases. Despite these challenges a substantial literature on childhood cancer etiology has emerged but few strong environmental risk factors have been identified. Genetic studies are thus now coming to the fore with some success. The ultimate aim of epidemiologic studies is to reduce the population burden of childhood cancer by suggesting preventive measures or possibly by enabling early detection.
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