Disturbance and the dynamics of coral cover on the Great Barrier Reef (1995-2009).
Disturbance and the dynamics of coral cover on the Great Barrier Reef (1995-2009).
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0017516
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发表时间：
2011-03-10
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Johns KA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Osborne K;Dolman AM;Burgess SC;Johns KA
全世界的珊瑚礁生态系统都受到慢性和急性压力源的压力，这些压力源威胁到它们的持续存在。珊瑚礁变化中最明显的是硬珊瑚覆盖的丧失，但目前缺乏对大堡礁珊瑚覆盖动态的精确多尺度估计。每年从跨越1300公里的GBR的47个珊瑚礁的固定地点收集的监测数据表明，整个区域的珊瑚覆盖率是稳定的（平均29%，多年覆盖率从23%到33%不等），1995年至2009年没有净下降。次区域（10-100公里）硬珊瑚的趋势各不相同，有些趋势非常活跃，而另一些趋势变化不大。六个次区域的珊瑚覆盖面增加，七个次区域的珊瑚覆盖面减少。珊瑚的持续下降发生在一个分区域的硬珊瑚和Acroporidae和四个分区域的非Acroporidae家庭。顶孔珊瑚的变化占硬珊瑚变化的68%。冠的棘海星（海星planci）的爆发和风暴的破坏负责更多的珊瑚损失在此期间，无论是漂白或疾病，尽管两个大规模漂白事件和珊瑚疾病的发病率增加。虽然1980年代之前的GBR有限数据表明珊瑚覆盖率高于我们的调查，但我们没有发现自1995年以来珊瑚覆盖率持续下降的证据。相反，在次区域尺度（10-100公里）的珊瑚覆盖率波动，主要是由快速增长的Acroporidae的变化，发生的局部干扰事件和随后的恢复的结果。
Coral reef ecosystems worldwide are under pressure from chronic and acute stressors that threaten their continued existence. Most obvious among changes to reefs is loss of hard coral cover, but a precise multi-scale estimate of coral cover dynamics for the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) is currently lacking. Monitoring data collected annually from fixed sites at 47 reefs across 1300 km of the GBR indicate that overall regional coral cover was stable (averaging 29% and ranging from 23% to 33% cover across years) with no net decline between 1995 and 2009. Subregional trends (10–100 km) in hard coral were diverse with some being very dynamic and others changing little. Coral cover increased in six subregions and decreased in seven subregions. Persistent decline of corals occurred in one subregion for hard coral and Acroporidae and in four subregions in non-Acroporidae families. Change in Acroporidae accounted for 68% of change in hard coral. Crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster planci) outbreaks and storm damage were responsible for more coral loss during this period than either bleaching or disease despite two mass bleaching events and an increase in the incidence of coral disease. While the limited data for the GBR prior to the 1980's suggests that coral cover was higher than in our survey, we found no evidence of consistent, system-wide decline in coral cover since 1995. Instead, fluctuations in coral cover at subregional scales (10–100 km), driven mostly by changes in fast-growing Acroporidae, occurred as a result of localized disturbance events and subsequent recovery.
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