A time of change: behavioral and neural correlates of adolescent sensitivity to appetitive and aversive environmental cues.
A time of change: behavioral and neural correlates of adolescent sensitivity to appetitive and aversive environmental cues.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bandc.2009.07.003
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发表时间：
2010-02
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Casey, B. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Somerville, Leah H.;Jones, Rebecca M.;Casey, B. J.
关键词：
青春期是一个发展时期，与童年和成年相比，情感和寻求激励的行为都会发生实质性的变化，包括从事危险行为的倾向增加，并经历持续的负面和不稳定的情绪状态。这篇综述讨论了青少年情绪和激励驱动的行为变化及其相关的神经机制，重点讨论了杏仁核、腹侧纹状体和前额叶皮质之间的动态相互作用。青春期常见的行为变化可能与对激励和情绪暗示的反应增强有关，而有效参与认知和情绪调节的能力仍然相对不成熟。我们强调了在人类和动物中的经验性工作，这些工作解决了青少年相对于儿童和成人的这些神经系统之间的相互作用，并提出了一个神经生物学模型，可以解释青少年行为的非线性变化。最后，我们讨论了其他可能导致与青春期相关的夸大奖励和情绪处理的影响，包括荷尔蒙波动和社会环境的作用。
Adolescence is a developmental period that entails substantial changes in affective and incentive-seeking behavior relative to both childhood and adulthood, including a heightened propensity to engage in risky behaviors and experience persistent negative and labile mood states. This review discusses the emotional and incentive-driven behavioral changes in adolescents and their associated neural mechanisms, focusing on the dynamic interactions between the amygdala, ventral striatum, and prefrontal cortex. Common behavioral changes during adolescence may be associated with a heightened responsiveness to incentives and emotional cues while the capacity to effectively engage in cognitive and emotion regulation is still relatively immature. We highlight empirical work in humans and animals that addresses the interactions between these neural systems in adolescents relative to children and adults, and propose a neurobiological model that may account for the nonlinear changes in adolescent behavior. Finally, we discuss other influences that may contribute to exaggerated reward and emotion processing associated with adolescence, including hormonal fluctuations and the role of the social environment.
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