Global reduction of information exchange during anesthetic-induced unconsciousness.
Global reduction of information exchange during anesthetic-induced unconsciousness.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00429-017-1396-0
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发表时间：
2017-09
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Zhang N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hamilton C;Ma Y;Zhang N
在麻醉诱导的无意识（AIU）期间，大脑在区域之间交换信息的能力发生了巨大的变化。然而，整个大脑的信息交换损失/增益的空间分布仍然难以捉摸。在本研究中，我们获得并分析了大鼠在清醒和逐渐增加异氟烷浓度诱导的分级意识水平期间的静息态功能磁共振成像（rsfMRI）数据。我们发现，无论空间尺度如何，功能连接性（FC）变化（即ΔFC）与清醒状态下所有连接的FC强度成比例相关。在较高剂量的异氟烷下，这种依赖性变得更强。此外，在每种麻醉条件下的相对FC变化（即标准化为清醒状态下相应FC强度的ΔFC）在整个大脑中完全为负值，表明AIU期间大脑区域之间的有意义信息交换整体丢失。为了进一步支持这一观点，我们发现，在无意识期间，rsfMRI信号的熵增加到与随机噪声相当的值，而互信息则明显减少。重要的是，当右美托咪定诱导意识丧失时，获得了一致的结果，右美托咪定是一种具有与异氟烷不同的分子作用的麻醉剂。这一结果表明，所观察到的全球减少信息交换可能是代理不变的。总之，这些发现提供了令人信服的神经影像学证据，表明在AIU期间，大脑在有意义的信息交换中发生了广泛的中断，并且这种现象可能代表了AIU的常见系统水平神经机制。
During anesthetic-induced unconsciousness (AIU), the brain undergoes a dramatic change in its capacity to exchange information between regions. However, the spatial distribution of information exchange loss/gain across the entire brain remains elusive. In the present study, we acquired and analyzed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) data in rats during wakefulness and graded levels of consciousness induced by incrementally increasing the concentration of isoflurane. We found that, regardless of spatial scale, the functional connectivity (FC) change (i.e. ΔFC) was proportionally dependent on the FC strength at the awake state across all connections. This dependency became stronger at higher doses of isoflurane. In addition, the relative FC change at each anesthetized condition (i.e. ΔFC normalized to the corresponding FC strength at the awake state) was exclusively negative across the whole brain, indicating a global loss of meaningful information exchange between brain regions during AIU. To further support this notion, we showed that during unconsciousness, the entropy of rsfMRI signal increased to a value comparable to random noise while the mutual information decreased appreciably. Importantly, consistent results were obtained when unconsciousness was induced by dexmedetomidine, an anesthetic agent with a distinct molecular action than isoflurane. This result indicates that the observed global reduction in information exchange may be agent invariant. Taken together, these findings provide compelling neuroimaging evidence suggesting that the brain undergoes a widespread disruption in the exchange of meaningful information during AIU, and that this phenomenon may represent a common systems-level neural mechanism of AIU.
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DOI：
10.1056/nejmra0808281
发表时间：
2010-12-30
期刊：
The New England journal of medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Brown EN;Lydic R;Schiff ND
通讯作者：
Schiff ND
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Dubbelink, Kim T. E. Olde;Stoffers, Diederick;Deijen, Jan Berend;Twisk, Jos W. R.;Stam, Cornelis J.;Hillebrand, Arjan;Berendse, Henk W.
通讯作者：
Berendse, Henk W.
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Liang Z;Watson GD;Alloway KD;Lee G;Neuberger T;Zhang N
通讯作者：
Zhang N
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
ANGEL, A
通讯作者：
ANGEL, A
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1011949107
发表时间：
2010-12-07
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Breshears, Jonathan D.;Roland, Jarod L.;Leuthardt, Eric C.
通讯作者：
Leuthardt, Eric C.