Circadian physiology of metabolism.

Circadian physiology of metabolism.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.aah4967
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发表时间:
2016-11-25
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Panda S
Panda S
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Panda S

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大多数哺乳动物基因的表达水平每天都在波动,这使得昼夜表达节律成为正常生理中已知的最大的调控网络。细胞自主的生物钟与日常的光-暗和摄食-禁食周期相互作用,在数千个基因的功能中产生大约24小时的振荡。分泌分子和信号成分的昼夜节律表达在细胞和组织之间传递时间信息。这种细胞内和细胞间的日常节律通过管理能量使用和暂时隔离不相容的过程来优化生理。实验动物模型和流行病学数据表明,慢性昼夜节律紊乱会增加代谢性疾病的风险。反之,限时喂食可维持强健的昼夜节律,并可减轻代谢性疾病。这些发现突出了昼夜节律在生理学中的综合作用,并为治疗以代谢紊乱为标志的慢性疾病提供了新的视角。
A majority of mammalian genes exhibit daily fluctuations in expression levels, making circadian expression rhythms the largest known regulatory network in normal physiology. Cell-autonomous circadian clocks interact with daily light-dark and feeding-fasting cycles to generate approximately 24-hour oscillations in the function of thousands of genes. Circadian expression of secreted molecules and signaling components transmits timing information between cells and tissues. Such intra- and intercellular daily rhythms optimize physiology both by managing energy use and by temporally segregating incompatible processes. Experimental animal models and epidemiological data indicate that chronic circadian rhythm disruption increases the risk of metabolic diseases. Conversely, time-restricted feeding, which imposes daily cycles of feeding and fasting without caloric reduction, sustains robust diurnal rhythms and can alleviate metabolic diseases. These findings highlight an integrative role of circadian rhythms in physiology and offer a new perspective for treating chronic diseases in which metabolic disruptionis a hallmark.
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