Glial regulation of critical period plasticity.

Glial regulation of critical period plasticity.
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DOI:
10.3389/fncel.2023.1247335
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
Ackerman SD
Ackerman SD
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Starkey J;Horstick EJ;Ackerman SD

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动物的行为,从简单到复杂,都依赖于神经元到功能神经回路的忠实连接。神经回路在称为关键期的短暂发育窗口期间经历戏剧性的经验依赖性重塑。在可塑性的关键时期,环境经验会对电路功能和行为产生持续的变化。早熟的关键期关闭与自闭症谱系障碍有关,而扩展的突触重塑被认为是精神分裂症中电路功能障碍的基础。因此,解决指示关键期时机的机制对于我们理解神经发育障碍非常重要。控制关键期的时间是由神经元的内在线索调制,但最近的数据表明,一些决定因素来自邻近的神经胶质细胞(星形胶质细胞,小胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞)。由于神经胶质细胞占人脑的50%,了解这些不同的细胞如何与神经元以及相互之间进行通信以塑造神经可塑性,特别是在特定的关键时期,对于我们对电路发展和维护的基本理解至关重要。
Animal behavior, from simple to complex, is dependent on the faithful wiring of neurons into functional neural circuits. Neural circuits undergo dramatic experience-dependent remodeling during brief developmental windows called critical periods. Environmental experience during critical periods of plasticity produces sustained changes to circuit function and behavior. Precocious critical period closure is linked to autism spectrum disorders, whereas extended synaptic remodeling is thought to underlie circuit dysfunction in schizophrenia. Thus, resolving the mechanisms that instruct critical period timing is important to our understanding of neurodevelopmental disorders. Control of critical period timing is modulated by neuron-intrinsic cues, yet recent data suggest that some determinants are derived from neighboring glial cells (astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes). As glia make up 50% of the human brain, understanding how these diverse cells communicate with neurons and with each other to sculpt neural plasticity, especially during specialized critical periods, is essential to our fundamental understanding of circuit development and maintenance.
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