Farmers' and millers' experiences and attitudes towards the production and processing of zinc biofortified wheat in Pakistan: a mixed methods study.
Farmers' and millers' experiences and attitudes towards the production and processing of zinc biofortified wheat in Pakistan: a mixed methods study.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnut.2023.1158156
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Lowe, Nicola M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ceballos-Rasgado, Marena;Ajmal, Subhan;Mahboob, Usman;Ander, E. Louise;Zia, Munir;Moran, Victoria Hall;Joy, Edward J. M.;Zaman, Mukhtiar;Ohly, Heather;Lowe, Nicola M.
在强化和膳食多样化不可行或受家庭购买力限制的地区，锌生物强化小麦可能是增加锌摄入量的可持续战略。这项趋同混合方法研究旨在探讨巴基斯坦农民和米莱尔对锌生物强化小麦生产和加工的经验和态度。对2019-2020年生长季节提供Zincol-2016生物强化小麦种子的农民（n = 418）进行了电话调查，作为旁遮普省小麦籽粒微量营养素分布研究的一部分。该调查探讨了农民种植Zincol-2016的经验，以及他们是否选择在下一季再次种植。在开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦（KP）省的一个单独的农民小组（n = 12）中进行了半结构化的焦点小组讨论，他们为BiZiFED 2 RCT种植了Zincol-2016。还在KP中采访了米莱尔，包括那些为试验加工Zincol-2016的人（n = 12）和那些没有加工生物强化小麦经验的人（n = 12）。调查数据进行了分析，采用描述性统计和焦点小组的成绩单进行了分析，采用主题分析。近一半的受访农民（47%）在下一季重新种植了Zincol-2016。Zincol-2016复种的驱动因素是种子可用性（100%），谷物产量和生长阻力（98%），上一次收获的面粉质量（97%）和营养效益（94.5%）。与农民的讨论表明，生物强化小麦潜在规模扩大的主要动机是谷物、小麦和面粉的感知质量。米莱尔认为这是一个扩大业务的机会。农民和米莱尔重视小麦的健康益处。扩大规模面临的挑战包括：需要更多的支持来生产生物强化、不熟悉生物强化过程、生产成本以及供应链面临的外部威胁。农民和米莱尔对Zincol-2016表现出强烈的隐性偏好，而不是替代品种。作物表现和产量是种植Zincol-2016最常被引用的动力。如果提供财政和教育支持，农民和米莱尔愿意生产和加工生物强化小麦。
Zinc biofortified wheat may be a sustainable strategy to increase zinc intake in areas where fortification and dietary diversification are not feasible or are limited by household purchasing power. This convergent mixed methods study aimed to explore the farmers’ and millers’ experiences and attitudes towards the production and processing of zinc biofortified wheat in Pakistan. A telephone survey was conducted with farmers (n = 418) who were provided with Zincol-2016 biofortified wheat seed for the 2019–2020 growing season, as part of a wheat grain micronutrient mapping study across Punjab Province. The survey explored the farmers’ experiences of growing Zincol-2016 and whether they opted to grow it again in the subsequent season. Semi-structured focus group discussions were undertaken in a separate group of farmers in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province (n = 12) who grew Zincol-2016 for the BiZiFED2 RCT. Millers were also interviewed in KP, both those who had processed Zincol-2016 for the trial (n = 12) and those who had no experience of processing biofortified wheat (n = 12). Survey data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and transcripts of focus groups were analyzed using thematic analysis. Nearly half of farmers who responded to the survey (47%) re-cultivated Zincol-2016 in the following season. The drivers for Zincol-2016 re-cultivation were seed availability (100%), grain yield and growth resistance (98%), quality of the flour from the previous harvest (97%) and nutritional benefit (94.5%). Discussions with farmers suggested that the main motivators for potential scale-up of biofortified wheat were the perceived quality of the grain, wheat, and flour. Millers saw it as an opportunity to expand their business. Farmers and millers valued the health benefits of the wheat. Challenges for scale-up include the need of additional support to produce it, unfamiliarity with the biofortification process, production costs, and external threats to the supply chain. Farmers and millers showed a strong implicit preference for Zincol-2016 over alternative varieties. Crop performance and product yield were the most cited motivators for growing Zincol-2016. Farmers and millers are willing to produce and process biofortified wheat if financial and educational support is provided.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11356-021-17433-2
发表时间：
2023-03
期刊：
Environmental science and pollution research international
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hussain S;Mubeen M;Ahmad A;Fahad S;Nasim W;Hammad HM;Shah GM;Murtaza B;Tahir M;Parveen S
通讯作者：
Parveen S
影响因子：
6.9
作者：
Ceballos, Francisco;Kannan, Samyuktha;Kramer, Berber
通讯作者：
Kramer, Berber
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Hotz, Christine;Loechl, Cornelia;Gilligan, Daniel O.
通讯作者：
Gilligan, Daniel O.
DOI：
10.1016/j.gfs.2017.01.009
发表时间：
2017-03
期刊：
Global food security
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bouis HE;Saltzman A
通讯作者：
Saltzman A
DOI：
10.1108/jadee-02-2014-0008
发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Birol, Ekin;Asare-Marfo, Dorene;Diressie, Michael Tedla
通讯作者：
Diressie, Michael Tedla