Breast Cancer-Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Classification, Prognostic Markers, and Current Treatment Strategies-An Updated Review.
Breast Cancer-Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Classification, Prognostic Markers, and Current Treatment Strategies-An Updated Review.
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DOI：
10.3390/cancers13174287
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发表时间：
2021-08-25
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Stanisławek A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Łukasiewicz S;Czeczelewski M;Forma A;Baj J;Sitarz R;Stanisławek A
乳腺癌是女性中最常见的癌症。据估计，全球每年诊断出 230 万新的 BC 病例。根据 mRNA 基因表达水平，BC 可分为分子亚型，为影响 BC 患者管理的新治疗策略和患者分层提供见解。本综述概述了 BC 的流行病学、危险因素、分类，重点关注分子类型、预后生物标志物以及可能的治疗方式。乳腺癌 (BC) 是全球女性中最常诊断出的癌症，2020 年新增病例将超过 200 万。在过去三十年中，由于危险因素概况的变化、更好的癌症登记和癌症检测，乳腺癌的发病率和死亡率有所上升。 BC的危险因素数量众多，包括可改变的因素和不可改变的因素。目前，约80%的BC患者年龄>50岁。存活率取决于阶段和分子亚型。侵袭性 BC 包括广谱肿瘤，其临床表现、行为和形态各异。根据 mRNA 基因表达水平，BC 可分为分子亚型（Luminal A、Luminal B、HER2 富集和基底样）。分子亚型提供了对影响 BC 患者管理的新治疗策略和患者分层的见解。第八版 TNM 分类概述了 BC 的新分期系统，除了解剖特征外，还承认生物学因素。乳腺癌的治疗很复杂，涉及不同方式的组合，包括手术、放疗、化疗、激素疗法或以不同顺序进行的生物疗法。
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. It is estimated that 2.3 million new cases of BC are diagnosed globally each year. Based on mRNA gene expression levels, BC can be divided into molecular subtypes that provide insights into new treatment strategies and patient stratifications that impact the management of BC patients. This review addresses the overview on the BC epidemiology, risk factors, classification with an emphasis on molecular types, prognostic biomarkers, as well as possible treatment modalities. Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide with more than 2 million new cases in 2020. Its incidence and death rates have increased over the last three decades due to the change in risk factor profiles, better cancer registration, and cancer detection. The number of risk factors of BC is significant and includes both the modifiable factors and non-modifiable factors. Currently, about 80% of patients with BC are individuals aged >50. Survival depends on both stage and molecular subtype. Invasive BCs comprise wide spectrum tumors that show a variation concerning their clinical presentation, behavior, and morphology. Based on mRNA gene expression levels, BC can be divided into molecular subtypes (Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2-enriched, and basal-like). The molecular subtypes provide insights into new treatment strategies and patient stratifications that impact the management of BC patients. The eighth edition of TNM classification outlines a new staging system for BC that, in addition to anatomical features, acknowledges biological factors. Treatment of breast cancer is complex and involves a combination of different modalities including surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, or biological therapies delivered in diverse sequences.
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