Examining the representativeness of home outdoor PM(2.5), EC, and OC estimates for daily personal exposures in Southern California.
Examining the representativeness of home outdoor PM(2.5), EC, and OC estimates for daily personal exposures in Southern California.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11869-010-0099-y
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发表时间：
2012-09
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Liu, L. -J. Sally
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ducret-Stich, Regina E.;Delfino, Ralph J.;Tjoa, Thomas;Gemperli, Armin;Ineichen, Alex;Wu, Jun;Phuleria, Harish C.;Liu, L. -J. Sally
最近的研究将急性呼吸和心血管疾病的结果与家庭或学校交通相关空气污染物的测量或估计联系起来。然而，很少有研究评估这些户外测量和估计对个人暴露测量。我们比较了在洛杉矶空气盆地（惠蒂尔和滨江）的交通相关的空气污染物的个人测量和模拟的家庭室外浓度。在16次为期10天的监测运行中，对63名哮喘儿童和15个家庭的空气动力学直径小于2.5 μm（PM2.5）、元素碳（EC）和有机碳（OC）的个人暴露进行了评估。回归模型，以预测每日家庭室外PM2.5，EC和OC构建使用家庭室外测量，地理和气象参数，以及CALINE 4估计在室外家庭网站，这代表了当地交通来源的浓度。这些家庭室外模型显示，解释的方差（R2）分别为0.97和0.94的PM2.5，0.91和0.83的OC，和0.76和0.87的EC在滨江和惠蒂尔。PM2.5室外估计值与个人测量值相关良好（滨江R2 = 0.65和惠蒂尔R2 = 0.69）。然而，排除潜在的不准确的样本从滨江，个人暴露于含碳物种和家庭户外估计惠蒂尔之间的相关性是中等EC（R 2 = 0.37）和穷人OC（R 2 = 0.08）。仅CALINE 4估计值与EC或其他污染物的个人测量值无关。虽然家庭户外估计提供了很好的近似每日个人PM2.5暴露，他们可能不足以估计每日个人暴露于EC和OC。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1007/s11869-010-0099-y）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Recent studies have linked acute respiratory and cardiovascular outcomes to measurements or estimates of traffic-related air pollutants at homes or schools. However, few studies have evaluated these outdoor measurements and estimates against personal exposure measurements. We compared measured and modeled home outdoor concentrations with personal measurements of traffic-related air pollutants in the Los Angeles air basin (Whittier and Riverside). Personal exposure of 63 children with asthma and 15 homes were assessed for particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5), elemental carbon (EC), and organic carbon (OC) during sixteen 10-day monitoring runs. Regression models to predict daily home outdoor PM2.5, EC, and OC were constructed using home outdoor measurements, geographical and meteorological parameters, as well as CALINE4 estimates at outdoor home sites, which represent the concentrations from local traffic sources. These home outdoor models showed the variance explained (R 2) was 0.97 and 0.94 for PM2.5, 0.91 and 0.83 for OC, and 0.76 and 0.87 for EC in Riverside and Whittier, respectively. The PM2.5 outdoor estimates correlated well with the personal measurements (Riverside R 2 = 0.65 and Whittier R 2 = 0.69). However, excluding potentially inaccurate samples from Riverside, the correlation between personal exposure to carbonaceous species and home outdoor estimates in Whittier was moderate for EC (R 2 = 0.37) and poor for OC (R 2 = 0.08). The CALINE4 estimates alone were not correlated with personal measurements of EC or other pollutants. While home outdoor estimates provide good approximations for daily personal PM2.5 exposure, they may not be adequate for estimating daily personal exposure to EC and OC. The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11869-010-0099-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.jes.7500562
发表时间：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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作者：
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DOI：
10.1016/0957-1272(92)90013-i
发表时间：
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期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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