An adaptive perspective on visual working memory distortions.
An adaptive perspective on visual working memory distortions.
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DOI：
10.1037/xge0001191
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发表时间：
2022-10
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Serences, John T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chunharas, Chaipat;Rademaker, Rosanne L.;Brady, Timothy F.;Serences, John T.
当视觉工作记忆中包含多个项目时，各个项目的表征通常会相互吸引或排斥。虽然经验上已经很成熟，但现有的框架并没有考虑到这两种类型的扭曲，它们似乎是对立的。在这里，我们证明这两种类型的记忆扭曲可能在不同情况下带来功能上的好处。当有很多项目需要记住并且受试者接近其准确记住每个项目的能力时，每个项目的记忆就会变得更加相似（吸引力）。然而，当记住较小的一组高度相似但可辨别的项目时，每个项目的记忆变得更加清晰（排斥），可能是为了支持更好的辨别。重要的是，这种排斥随着延迟的增加而增强，这表明它在记忆中动态进化，而不仅仅是编码过程中发生的分化过程。此外，即使在旨在减轻反应偏差问题的任务中，吸引和排斥也会发生，这表明它们是记忆表征的真正变化。总之，这些结果符合这样的理论：吸引偏差通过利用整组项目的信息来稳定记忆信号，而排斥偏差则反映了保持准确但独特的表征之间的权衡。这两种偏见都表明，人类记忆系统可能会牺牲真实的表征，转而支持更好地支持特定行为目标的表征。
When holding multiple items in visual working memory, representations of individual items are often attracted to, or repelled from, each other. While empirically well-established, existing frameworks do not account for both types of distortions, which appear to be in opposition. Here, we demonstrate that both types of memory distortion may confer functional benefits under different circumstances. When there are many items to remember and subjects are near their capacity to accurately remember each item individually, memories for each item become more similar (attraction). However, when remembering smaller sets of highly similar but discernible items, memory for each item becomes more distinct (repulsion), possibly to support better discrimination. Importantly, this repulsion grows stronger with longer delays, suggesting that it dynamically evolves in memory and is not just a differentiation process that occurs during encoding. Furthermore, both attraction and repulsion occur even in tasks designed to mitigate response bias concerns, suggesting they are genuine changes in memory representations. Together, these results are in line with the theory that attraction biases act to stabilize memory signals by capitalizing on information about an entire group of items, whereas repulsion biases reflect a tradeoff between maintaining accurate but distinct representations. Both biases suggest that human memory systems may sacrifice veridical representations in favor of representations that better support specific behavioral goals.
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影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Brady TF;Konkle T;Alvarez GA
通讯作者：
Alvarez GA
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Dube, Chad;Zhou, Feng;Kahana, Michael J.;Sekuler, Robert
通讯作者：
Sekuler, Robert
DOI：
10.3758/s13414-017-1404-8
发表时间：
2017-11
期刊：
Attention, perception & psychophysics
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bae GY;Luck SJ
通讯作者：
Luck SJ
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Bays PM;Catalao RF;Husain M
通讯作者：
Husain M
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Huang J;Sekuler R
通讯作者：
Sekuler R