Individuals from non-native populations are stronger and bigger than individuals from native populations of a widespread seaweed
Individuals from non-native populations are stronger and bigger than individuals from native populations of a widespread seaweed
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来自非本地种群的个体比来自广泛分布的海藻本地种群的个体更强壮、更大
DOI：
10.1007/s10530-022-02766-x
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Sotka, Erik E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Murren, Courtney J.;Krueger-Hadfield, Stacy A.;Clark, Andrew J.;Flanagan, Ben A.;Lees, Lauren E.;Sotka, Erik E.
许多物种引入非本地地区经历了深刻的表型变化，但相互矛盾的证据仍然存在这种性状分化的频率。在这里，我们描述了两个表型类别的生物力学材料特性和生物体大小，不同的本地日本和非本地北美和欧洲海岸线的macroalgaGracilaria vermiculophylla。生物力学特征代表了承受波浪能量和通过破碎分散的能力，而藻类的身体大小可以反映繁殖能力。从43个群体现场收集的菌体进行了测定的峰值力（断裂力），峰值应力（强度），断裂能（应变能存储），和模量（刚度）。附着于硬基质的菌体比漂浮的菌体强约27%，非原生菌体比原生菌体强约50%，硬约23%。非本地菌体有28%以上的表面积比本地菌体。有趣的是，叶状体的强度和大小的人口手段并不紧密相关，这表明，他们的表达，进化，或两者并不紧密结合。在海洋表面温度较低的地区发现了较强的菌体，而在欧洲北方纬度较低的地区发现了最大的菌体。这项研究站在旁边的一个令人惊讶的少数研究，直接比较材料特性之间的本地与非本地人口在一个物种，尽管潜在的重要性，介导入侵的成功。未来的工作将受益于在该领域的健身估计，并解决材料表型的地理变化是否反映了适应性或非适应性过程，无论是驱动或反映入侵的成功。
Many species introduced to non-native regions undergo profound phenotypic change, but conflicting evidence remains on the frequency of such trait differentiation. Here, we describe two phenotype categories—biomechanical material properties and organismal size—that differ between and within native Japanese and non-native North America and Europe shorelines of the macroalgaGracilaria vermiculophylla. Biomechanical traits represent capacity to withstand wave energy and disperse by fragmentation, while body size in algae can reflect capacity for reproduction. Field-collected thalli from 43 populations were assayed for peak force (breaking force), peak stress (strength), breaking energy (strain energy storage), and modulus (stiffness). Thalli attached to hard substratum were approximately 27% stronger than thalli that were drifting, and non-native thalli were approximately 50% stronger and approximately 23% stiffer than native thalli. Non-native thalli had 28% more surface area than did native thalli. Interestingly, the population means of thallus strength and size were not tightly correlated; this suggests that their expression, evolution, or both is not tightly coupled. Stronger thalli were found in areas with cooler sea surface temperature, while the largest thalli were found in the cooler, northern European latitudes. This study stands alongside a surprisingly small number of studies that directly compare material properties between native versus non-native populations within a species, despite the potential importance of material properties in mediating invasion success. Future work would benefit from estimates of fitness in the field and address whether biogeographic shifts in material phenotypes reflect adaptive or non-adaptive processes and are either driving or reflecting invasion success.
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影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Tova Spector;F. Putz
通讯作者：
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2004
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
Lars Brammer Nejrup;M. Pedersen;Jonas Vinzent
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影响因子：
2.9
作者：
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
Jeffrey T. Wright
通讯作者：
Jeffrey T. Wright