Phonetic category recalibration: What are the categories?
Phonetic category recalibration: What are the categories?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.wocn.2014.04.002
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发表时间：
2014-07-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Holt, Lori L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reinisch, Eva;Wozny, David R.;Mitterer, Holger;Holt, Lori L.
听者使用词汇或视觉语境信息来重新校准听觉言语感知。在听到/阿坝/和/ada/之间的模糊听觉刺激与清晰的视觉刺激（例如，在/阿坝/中的嘴唇闭合），与先前看到的视觉刺激一致地感知到模糊的仅视觉刺激。然而，目前尚不清楚的是，听众到底在重新校准什么：音素、音素序列还是声学线索。为了解决这个问题，我们测试了视觉引导的听觉重新校准的泛化：1）相同的音素对比度提示不同（即，/阿坝/-/ada/ vs. /ibi/-/idi/，其中主要线索是元音中的共振峰转换与阻塞音的突发和摩擦），2）不同的音素对比线索相同（/阿坝/-/ada/与/ama/-/ana/都由元音中的共振峰转换提示），（3）在不同的声学语境中，相同的音素与相同的提示形成对比（/阿坝/-/ada/对（/ubu/-/udu/））。尽管重新校准对于所有重新校准对照试验是稳健的，但在任何实验中均未发现泛化。这表明，知觉的重新校准可能比以前认为的更具体，因为它似乎被限制在暴露过程中经历的音素类别以及特定的操纵声学线索。我们认为，重新校准影响上下文相关的子词汇单位。
Listeners use lexical or visual context information to recalibrate auditory speech perception. After hearing an ambiguous auditory stimulus between /aba/ and /ada/ coupled with a clear visual stimulus (e.g., lip closure in /aba/), an ambiguous auditory-only stimulus is perceived in line with the previously seen visual stimulus. What remains unclear, however, is what exactly listeners are recalibrating: phonemes, phone sequences, or acoustic cues. To address this question we tested generalization of visually-guided auditory recalibration to 1) the same phoneme contrast cued differently (i.e., /aba/-/ada/ vs. /ibi/-/idi/ where the main cues are formant transitions in the vowels vs. burst and frication of the obstruent), 2) a different phoneme contrast cued identically (/aba/-/ada/ vs. /ama/-/ana/ both cued by formant transitions in the vowels), and 3) the same phoneme contrast with the same cues in a different acoustic context (/aba/-/ada/ vs. (/ubu/-/udu/). Whereas recalibration was robust for all recalibration control trials, no generalization was found in any of the experiments. This suggests that perceptual recalibration may be more specific than previously thought as it appears to be restricted to the phoneme category experienced during exposure as well as to the specific manipulated acoustic cues. We suggest that recalibration affects context-dependent sub-lexical units.
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