Modifiable risk factors in relation to changes in BMI and fatness: what have we learned from prospective studies of school-aged children?
Modifiable risk factors in relation to changes in BMI and fatness: what have we learned from prospective studies of school-aged children?
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DOI：
10.1038/ijo.2009.60
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发表时间：
2009-07
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Bandini, L. G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Must, A.;Barish, E. E.;Bandini, L. G.
目前正在对学龄儿童肥胖症的初级和二级预防工作给予相当大的关注，并为此投入了大量资源。对这一年龄组的干预研究产生了好坏参半的结果，这就引出了一个问题，即是否确定了正确的干预目标。为了评估证据基础，我们回顾了1990-2007年间以英语发表的前瞻性观察性研究，这些研究报告了与饮食，体力活动和久坐行为有关的体重或肥胖变化。含糖饮料的消费成为与随后的体重状况或肥胖增加相关的最一致的饮食因素。其他食物和饮食模式表现出不太一致的关联，当关联存在时，幅度通常很小。这可能反映了标准饮食方法在评估膳食模式和饮食摄入量方面的已知局限性。体力活动的结果显示，肥胖的结果比体重状况更一致的负相关，并发现饮食因素，关联的幅度是适度的。在许多研究中，久坐行为对体重状况的影响因性别而异，其中许多（但不是全部）显示女孩之间存在更大的积极关联。在久坐行为研究中观察到的缺乏一致性可能反映了变量定义的范围、测量挑战以及电子媒体不断变化的性质。饮食模式、活动和久坐行为之间的内在相互作用使这些研究结果的解释更加复杂。在未来的研究中，更复杂的方法来分析这些复杂的数据可能会最大限度地提高我们所学到的东西。虽然经典的肥胖风险因素似乎在超重和肥胖的发展中发挥了作用，但最近发现的一些潜在因素，如睡眠，在准备使用更多对照研究设计进行评估之前，需要在前瞻性研究中进行进一步调查。
Considerable interest and resources are currently being directed to primary and secondary prevention of childhood obesity among school-aged children. Intervention studies in this age group have yielded mixed results, begging the question as to whether the correct targets for intervention have been identified. To evaluate the evidence base, we reviewed prospective observational studies published in English between 1990–2007 that reported weight or fatness changes in relation to diet, physical activity, and sedentary behavior. Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption emerged as the most consistent dietary factor in association with subsequent increases in weight status or fatness. Other foods and eating patterns showed less consistent associations and when associations were present, magnitudes were generally small. This may reflect the known limitations of standard dietary methodology to assess meal patterns and dietary intake. Findings for physical activity showed more consistent inverse associations with fatness outcomes than for weight status, and as was found for dietary factors, magnitudes of association were modest. Sedentary behavior effects on weight status differ by gender in many studies, with many, but not all, showing greater positive associations among girls. The lack of consistency observed in the studies of sedentary behaviors may reflect the range of variable definitions, measurement challenges, and the changing nature of electronic media. The intrinsic interplay among eating patterns, activity and sedentary behavior adds further complexity to the interpretation of the results of these studies. More sophisticated approaches to the analysis of these complex data in future studies may maximize what is learned. Although the classic obesity risk factors seem to play a role in the development of excess weight and fatness, some more recently identified potential factors, such as sleep, warrant further investigation in prospective studies before they are ready for evaluation using more controlled study designs.
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影响因子：
7
作者：
Dietz, WH
通讯作者：
Dietz, WH
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Field, AE;Austin, SB;Colditz, GA
通讯作者：
Colditz, GA
DOI：
10.1080/07315724.2005.10719449
发表时间：
2005-04-01
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
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通讯作者：
Donnelly, JE
影响因子：
7.1
作者：
DIETZ, WH;BANDINI, LG;CHING, PLYH
通讯作者：
CHING, PLYH
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Aygun AD;Gungor S;Ustundag B;Gurgoze MK;Sen Y
通讯作者：
Sen Y