Impact of spatiotemporal heterogeneity in COVID-19 disease surveillance on epidemiological parameters and case growth rates

Impact of spatiotemporal heterogeneity in COVID-19 disease surveillance on epidemiological parameters and case growth rates
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COVID-19 疾病监测中的时空异质性对流行病学参数和病例增长率的影响

DOI:
10.1101/2022.03.31.22273230
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
--
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
Inward R
Inward R
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作者:
Inward R

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SARS-CoV-2病例数据是估计流行病学参数和建立疫情动态模型的主要来源。了解流行病学分析中使用的基于病例的数据源中的偏倚非常重要,因为它们可能会减损这些丰富数据集的价值。这就提出了监测变化如何影响流行病学参数(如病例增长率)的估计的问题。我们使用来自阿根廷、巴西、墨西哥和哥伦比亚的COVID-19的标准化行列表数据,以高空间分辨率和整个时间估计发病至确诊、住院和死亡以及住院至死亡的延迟分布。使用这些估计,我们模型的偏差引入的延迟,从发病到确认国家和州一级的情况下的增长率(RT),使用适应的理查森-露西反卷积算法。我们发现显着的异质性,通过时间和空间的延迟分布的估计与延迟之间的差异高达19天的时代在国家一级。此外,我们发现,通过改变空间尺度,病例增长率的估计值可以变化高达0.13 d-1。最后,我们发现,具有高方差和/或平均延迟的状态,从原始和去卷积的情况下,在国家层面的计数估计的RT之间的差异也最大。我们强调了高分辨率病例数据在理解疾病报告偏差方面的重要性,以及如何通过基于经验延迟分布调整病例数来避免这些偏差。代码和可公开访问的数据,以重现这里提出的分析。
SARS-CoV-2 case data are primary sources for estimating epidemiological parameters and for modelling the dynamics of outbreaks. Understanding biases within case-based data sources used in epidemiological analyses is important as they can detract from the value of these rich datasets. This raises questions of how variations in surveillance can affect the estimation of epidemiological parameters such as the case growth rates. We use standardised line list data of COVID-19 from Argentina, Brazil, Mexico and Colombia to estimate delay distributions of symptom-onset-to-confirmation, -hospitalisation and -death as well as hospitalisation-to-death at high spatial resolutions and throughout time. Using these estimates, we model the biases introduced by the delay from symptom-onset-to-confirmation on national and state level case growth rates (rt) using an adaptation of the Richardson-Lucy deconvolution algorithm. We find significant heterogeneities in the estimation of delay distributions through time and space with delay difference of up to 19 days between epochs at the state level. Further, we find that by changing the spatial scale, estimates of case growth rate can vary by up to 0.13 d−1. Lastly, we find that states with a high variance and/or mean delay in symptom-onset-to-diagnosis also have the largest difference between the rt estimated from raw and deconvolved case counts at the state level. We highlight the importance of high-resolution case-based data in understanding biases in disease reporting and how these biases can be avoided by adjusting case numbers based on empirical delay distributions. Code and openly accessible data to reproduce analyses presented here are available.
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