Framing Creative Work: Helping Novices Frame Better Problems through Interactive Scaffolding

Framing Creative Work: Helping Novices Frame Better Problems through Interactive Scaffolding
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构建创造性工作:帮助新手通过交互式脚手架构建更好的问题

DOI:
10.1145/3450741.3465261
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
ACM Creativity and Cognition
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Dow, Steven P.
Dow, Steven P.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
MacNeil, Stephen;Ding, Zijian;Quan, Kexin;Parashos, Thomas j;Sun, Yajie;Dow, Steven P.

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问题框架-定义问题的过程-已经被许多研究人员和设计师描述为设计过程的关键。然而,新手设计师与问题框架斗争。为了更好地理解这个过程和脚手架的潜力,我们进行了两项研究。在第一项研究中,我们分析了41个问题陈述,从介绍设计课程,发现新手往往忽略关键信息,如主要利益相关者或他们面临的障碍。为了让新手反思并包含必要的设计信息,我们创建了一个名为ProbLib的工具,它提示新手明确地反思问题的各个方面,例如涉众。为了评估这种方法,我们进行了一项受试者间研究(N=73),以比较ProbLib与非结构化开放文本表单。我们发现,使用ProbLib的参与者写出了更高质量的陈述,包含了更多的信息,并且对指定设计需求更有信心。我们观察到创造性的行为,如头脑风暴和类比推理。
Problem framing—the process of defining a problem—has been described by many researchers and designers as the crux of the design process. However, novice designers struggle with problem framing. To better understand this process and the potential for scaffolding, we conducted two studies. In the first study, we analyzed 41 problem statements from an introductory design course and found that novices often omit key information, like the primary stakeholder or the obstacles they face. To get novices to reflect on and include necessary design information, we created a tool called ProbLib that cues novices to explicitly reflect on aspects of the problem such as the stakeholders. To evaluate this approach, we conducted a between-subjects study (N=73) to compare ProbLib with an unstructured open text form. We found that participants using ProbLib wrote higher quality statements, included more information, and were more confident about specifying design needs. We observed creative behaviors such as brainstorming and analogical reasoning.
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