Statins in Cancer Prevention and Therapy.
Statins in Cancer Prevention and Therapy.
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他汀类药物在癌症预防和治疗中的应用。
DOI：
10.3390/cancers15153948
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发表时间：
2023-08-03
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Kron, Stephen J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ricco, Natalia;Kron, Stephen J.
对头颈癌等常见恶性肿瘤的回顾性研究经常报告，意外接受他汀类药物治疗的患者发病率较低和/或结果较好。他汀类药物是一种HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂，通常用于降低血液胆固醇和相关的心血管风险。亲脂性的他汀类药物被认为既可以使治疗敏感，又可以节省正常组织，这表明他汀类药物对头颈癌有特别的好处，因为治疗往往会产生重大毒副作用。尽管他汀类药物在预防中的作用仍然存在争议，但严格的实验室研究已经证实，他汀类药物对细胞和肿瘤的直接作用可以增强对化疗、放射、靶向药物和免疫治疗的反应。本文综述了有关他汀类药物在头颈癌治疗期间和治疗后的作用机制和肿瘤特征的文献。他汀类药物可能对放射治疗有最大的影响，这表明在选定的患者中进行延长治疗的前瞻性研究，以实现治疗去强化的长期目标。他汀类药物是一类HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂，以降低胆固醇和心血管保护活性而闻名，也显示出在癌症预防和治疗方面的前景。这篇综述着重于它们在头颈癌(HNC)中的潜在应用，HNC是一种常见的恶性肿瘤，尽管会产生令人衰弱的不良反应，但现有的治疗往往失败。临床前和临床研究表明，他汀类药物在保护正常组织的同时，可能会增强HNC对放射和其他传统疗法的敏感性，但其潜在机制仍不清楚，可能涉及胆固醇依赖和独立作用于多种癌症相关途径。本文综述了与HNC相关的他汀类药物抗癌活性的最新发现，重点介绍了它们的抗炎活性及其对DNA损伤反应的影响。我们还探索了分子靶点和机制，并讨论了将他汀类药物整合到传统的HNC治疗方案中以改善患者预后的可能性。
Retrospective studies of common malignancies such as head and neck cancer often report lower incidence and/or better outcomes for patients incidentally treated with statins, the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors commonly prescribed to reduce blood cholesterol and related cardiovascular risks. Lipophilic statins have been proposed to both sensitize to therapy and spare normal tissue, suggesting particular benefits in head and neck cancer, where treatment often incurs major toxicities. While roles for statins in prevention remain controversial, rigorous laboratory studies have confirmed the direct effects of statins on cells and tumors that enhance response to chemotherapy, radiation, targeted agents and immunotherapy. This review surveys the literature on mechanisms of action and features of tumors that may mediate the benefits of statins during and following treatment for head and neck cancer. Statins may have their greatest impact on radiotherapy, suggesting prospective studies of prolonged treatment in selected patients toward the long-term goal of treatment de-intensification. Statins, a class of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors best known for their cholesterol-reducing and cardiovascular protective activity, have also demonstrated promise in cancer prevention and treatment. This review focuses on their potential applications in head and neck cancer (HNC), a common malignancy for which established treatment often fails despite incurring debilitating adverse effects. Preclinical and clinical studies have suggested that statins may enhance HNC sensitivity to radiation and other conventional therapies while protecting normal tissue, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly defined, likely involving both cholesterol-dependent and -independent effects on diverse cancer-related pathways. This review brings together recent discoveries concerning the anticancer activity of statins relevant to HNC, highlighting their anti-inflammatory activity and impacts on DNA-damage response. We also explore molecular targets and mechanisms and discuss the potential to integrate statins into conventional HNC treatment regimens to improve patient outcomes.
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影响因子：
5.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
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DOI：
10.1038/nrm.2017.53
发表时间：
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期刊：
Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Nussenzweig A
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
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影响因子：
8.2
作者：
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