The role of migrants in the Malaysian seaweed value-chain

The role of migrants in the Malaysian seaweed value-chain
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移民在马来西亚海藻价值链中的作用

DOI:
10.1016/j.marpol.2021.104812
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
3.8
通讯作者:
Asri A
Asri A
中科院分区:
法学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Asri A

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随着全球对海藻和包括卡拉胶在内的衍生产品的需求不断增加,马来西亚已将海藻种植确定为其第十个马来西亚计划的一个关键部门,目的是增加海藻产量,并为沿海社区带来经济利益。然而,经过几年的增长,自2013年以来,海藻产量一直在下降。马来西亚的研究和开发对海藻种植的生物和宏观经济方面有了很强的了解,但研究较少侧重于卡拉胶价值链的社会经济方面,包括其劳动力。以前的研究已经为移民对马来西亚海藻生产的贡献提供了见解。为了进一步了解海藻种植者面临的限制,并研究海藻产量目前下降的原因,这项研究使用了一种交叉的视角,根据农民的公民身份和他们的身份对海藻生产的影响来记录农民的经历。它依赖于对主要信息提供人访谈、问卷调查和文件分析的混合方法分析,以及VCA--新体制环境-结构的概念框架。调查结果表明,移民在上游活动中发挥着重要作用,对海藻种植有很大贡献,但他们面临着一些法律、财政和体制限制,限制了他们的生产力和参与营销活动。承认和支持移民海藻种植者不仅将提高官方统计数据的准确性,还将支持政策制定者通过适当的监管和量身定做的激励措施来加强海藻产业。
With increasing global demand for seaweed and derivative products including carrageenan, Malaysia has identified seaweed cultivation as a key sector in its Tenth Malaysian Plan, with the aim of increasing seaweed production and bringing economic benefits to coastal communities. After several years of growth however, since 2013 seaweed production has declined. Malaysia’s research and development has developed a strong understanding of the biological and macroeconomic aspects of seaweed cultivation, but research has focused less on socio-economic aspects of the carrageenan value chain, including its labour force. Previous studies have provided insights into the contribution of migrants to seaweed production in Malaysia. To further understand the constraints faced by seaweed farmers’ and examine why seaweed production is currently declining, this study uses an intersectional lens to document farmers’ experiences based on their citizenship status and the impacts their status has on seaweed production. It relies on a mixed-methods analysis of key informant interviews, questionnaire surveys and document analysis, as well as on the conceptual framework of VCA-New Institutional Environment-Structure (NIES). Findings suggest that migrants have a significant role in upstream activities, contributing substantially to seaweed cultivation, yet, they face a number of legal, financial and institutional constraints that restrict their productivity and participation in marketing activities. To recognise and support migrant seaweed farmers would not only improve the accuracy of official statistics, it would also support policymakers to strengthen the seaweed industry through adequate regulations and tailored incentives.
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