Microglia: Ally and Enemy in Deep Space.

Microglia: Ally and Enemy in Deep Space.
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小胶质细胞:深空中的盟友和敌人。

DOI:
10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.03.036
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
8.2
通讯作者:
Rosi,Susanna
Rosi,Susanna
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rienecker,KiraDA;Paladini,MariaSerena;Grue,Katherine;Krukowski,Karen;Rosi,Susanna

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2024年,第一位女宇航员将登陆月球,推进人类火星任务的准备工作。在地球上,我们受到地球磁场的保护,免受太空辐射的伤害,而在这样的深空航行中,宇航员将暴露在来自太阳耀斑和银河宇宙射线(GCR)的高能粒子中。这种暴露对中枢神经系统(CNS)有风险,可能危及任务和宇航员的健康。地球上的研究采用了各种单束和连续辐射暴露来模拟GCR暴露对啮齿动物的影响。多项研究表明,GCR模拟可诱导脑内免疫细胞小胶质细胞的不适应激活。GCR模拟还会引起突触变化,导致持久的认知和行为缺陷。雌性和雄性小鼠对GCR暴露表现出不同的敏感性,有证据表明这种两性二态反应与小胶质细胞有关。操纵小胶质细胞可以防止暴露于GCR成分的雄性小鼠认知缺陷的发展。这一发现可能为如何在深空任务期间和返回地球后保护宇航员的认知和行为健康提供线索。
In 2024 the first female astronaut will land on the moon, advancing our preparations for human missions to Mars. While on Earth we are protected from space radiation by our planet’s magnetic field, on such deep space voyages astronauts will be exposed to high energy particles from solar flares and galactic cosmic rays (GCR). This exposure carries risks to the central nervous system (CNS) that could jeopardize the mission and astronaut health. Earth-bound studies have employed a variety of single-beam and sequential radiation exposures to simulate the effects of GCR exposure in rodents. Multiple studies have shown that GCR simulation induces a maladaptive activation of microglia – the brain-resident immune cells. GCR simulation also induced synaptic changes resulting in lasting cognitive and behavioral defects. Female and male mice show different susceptibilities to GCR exposure, and evidence suggests this sexually dimorphic response is linked to microglia. Manipulating microglia can prevent the development of cognitive deficits in male mice exposed to components of GCR. This discovery may provide clues towards how to protect astronauts’ cognitive and behavioral health both during deep space missions and upon return to Earth.
DOI: 10.1182/blood.v77.8.1627.bloodjournal7781627
发表时间: 1991-04
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影响因子: 20.3
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DOI: --
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影响因子: 11.2
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期刊: RSC ADVANCES
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发表时间: 1991
期刊: Blood
影响因子: 20.3
作者:
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期刊: Leukemia
影响因子: 11.4
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