Sex differences in cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.

Sex differences in cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.yfrne.2014.01.002
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发表时间:
2014-08
影响因子:
7.4
通讯作者:
Singh, Meharvan
Singh, Meharvan
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Li, Rena;Singh, Meharvan

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研究表明,男性和女性在特定的认知能力领域和老年痴呆症的风险存在差异。然而,重要的是要知道,成年期认知功能的性别差异可能有其组织效应的基础,即,早在神经元发育期间就发生,以及在激活效应中,其中性类固醇的影响影响成年期的脑功能。此外,随着年龄的增长,认知能力下降的速度在性别之间也是不同的。了解认知功能的性别差异的生物学不仅可以为阿尔茨海默病的预防提供见解,而且也是个性化,性别特异性医学发展的组成部分。本综述借鉴流行病学,转化,临床和基础科学研究,以评估从年轻到老年认知功能的性别差异的影响,并检查性激素治疗对男性和女性阿尔茨海默病的影响。
Studies have shown differences in specific cognitive ability domains and risk of Alzheimer’s disease between the men and women at later age. However it is important to know that sex differences in cognitive function during adulthood may have their basis in both organizational effects, i.e., occurring as early as during the neuronal development period, as well as in activational effects, where the influence of the sex steroids influence brain function in adulthood. Further, the rate of cognitive decline with aging is also different between the sexes. Understanding the biology of sex differences in cognitive function will not only provide insight into Alzheimer’s disease prevention, but also is integral to the development of personalized, gender-specific medicine. This review draws on epidemiological, translational, clinical, and basic science studies to assess the impact of sex differences in cognitive function from young to old, and examines the effects of sex hormone treatments on Alzheimer’s disease in men and women.
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