The intimate relationship between human cytomegalovirus and the dendritic cell lineage.
The intimate relationship between human cytomegalovirus and the dendritic cell lineage.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2014.00389
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Reeves M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sinclair J;Reeves M
人巨细胞病毒（HCMV）对健康个体的初次感染通常无症状，但会导致宿主终身感染。HCMV潜伏期的一个重要细胞库是驻留在骨髓中的CD34+造血祖细胞。病毒基因表达在这些细胞中受到高度限制，不产生病毒子代。然而，细胞分化为成熟的骨髓细胞是伴随着诱导的完整裂解转录程序，DNA复制，并最终产生感染性病毒后代。HCMV的这种再活化是许多免疫抑制患者群体中发病率和死亡率的主要原因。我们目前对HCMV携带和再活化的理解是，CD34+祖细胞通过髓系的细胞分化，导致终末分化为巨噬细胞或树突状细胞（DC）表型，对于再活化事件至关重要。在这篇小型综述中，我们重点关注HCMV与DC的相互作用，特别强调它们在再活化中的作用，并讨论了病毒主要立即早期基因表达的关键调节如何与分化DC中细胞通路的激活微妙地结合起来。此外，我们还探讨了可能的免疫后果与专业抗原呈递细胞的再激活和潜在的对策HCMV采用废除这些。
Primary infection of healthy individuals with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is normally asymptomatic but results in the establishment of a lifelong infection of the host. One important cellular reservoir of HCMV latency is the CD34+ haematopoietic progenitor cells resident in the bone marrow. Viral gene expression is highly restricted in these cells with an absence of viral progeny production. However, cellular differentiation into mature myeloid cells is concomitant with the induction of a full lytic transcription program, DNA replication and, ultimately, the production of infectious viral progeny. Such reactivation of HCMV is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in a number of immune-suppressed patient populations. Our current understanding of HCMV carriage and reactivation is that cellular differentiation of the CD34+ progenitor cells through the myeloid lineage, resulting in terminal differentiation to either a macrophage or dendritic cell (DC) phenotype, is crucial for the reactivation event. In this mini-review, we focus on the interaction of HCMV with DCs, with a particular emphasis on their role in reactivation, and discuss how the critical regulation of viral major immediate-early gene expression appears to be delicately entwined with the activation of cellular pathways in differentiating DCs. Furthermore, we also explore the possible immune consequences associated with reactivation in a professional antigen presenting cell and potential countermeasures HCMV employs to abrogate these.
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影响因子：
30.3
作者：
Daley-Bauer LP;Roback LJ;Wynn GM;Mocarski ES
通讯作者：
Mocarski ES
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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