Metabolic Syndrome: Updates on Pathophysiology and Management in 2021.

Metabolic Syndrome: Updates on Pathophysiology and Management in 2021.
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DOI:
10.3390/ijms23020786
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发表时间:
2022-01-12
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Assi HI
Assi HI
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fahed G;Aoun L;Bou Zerdan M;Allam S;Bou Zerdan M;Bouferraa Y;Assi HI

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代谢综合征(MetS)形成一系列代谢失调,包括胰岛素抵抗、致动脉粥样硬化性血脂异常、向心性肥胖和高血压。 MetS 的发病机制涵盖多种遗传和后天实体,这些实体属于胰岛素抵抗和慢性低度炎症的范畴。如果不及时治疗,代谢综合征与患糖尿病和心血管疾病 (CVD) 的风险增加显着相关。鉴于 CVD 是迄今为止全球发病率和死亡率的主要原因,因此有必要研究 MetS 在这种情况下所发挥的作用,以减轻该疾病的沉重负担。因此,虽然 MetS 相对构成了一个新的临床实体,但在过去几十年中,对该疾病的研究范围呈指数级增长。然而,这一临床实体的许多方面仍未被完全理解,并且迄今为止许多问题仍未得到解答。在这篇综述中,我们提供了历史背景并强调了 MetS 的流行病学。我们还讨论了有关该疾病的组织病理学和病理生理学的当前和最新知识。最后,我们总结了有关这种临床综合征的管理和预防的最新进展。
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) forms a cluster of metabolic dysregulations including insulin resistance, atherogenic dyslipidemia, central obesity, and hypertension. The pathogenesis of MetS encompasses multiple genetic and acquired entities that fall under the umbrella of insulin resistance and chronic low-grade inflammation. If left untreated, MetS is significantly associated with an increased risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Given that CVDs constitute by far the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, it has become essential to investigate the role played by MetS in this context to reduce the heavy burden of the disease. As such, and while MetS relatively constitutes a novel clinical entity, the extent of research about the disease has been exponentially growing in the past few decades. However, many aspects of this clinical entity are still not completely understood, and many questions remain unanswered to date. In this review, we provide a historical background and highlight the epidemiology of MetS. We also discuss the current and latest knowledge about the histopathology and pathophysiology of the disease. Finally, we summarize the most recent updates about the management and the prevention of this clinical syndrome.
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