The low-density lipoprotein receptor promotes infection of multiple encephalitic alphaviruses.

The low-density lipoprotein receptor promotes infection of multiple encephalitic alphaviruses.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-023-44624-x
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发表时间:
2024-01-04
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Diamond, Michael S.
Diamond, Michael S.
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ma, Hongming;Adams, Lucas J.;Raju, Saravanan;Sariol, Alan;Kafai, Natasha M.;Janova, Hana;Klimstra, William B.;Fremont, Daved H.;Diamond, Michael S.

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低密度脂蛋白受体 (LDLR) 家族的成员,包括 LDLRAD3、VLDLR 和 ApoER2,最近被描述为不同甲病毒的进入因子。然而,根据基因编辑细胞和基因敲除小鼠的研究,封锁或废除这些受体并不能完全抑制甲病毒感染,表明存在其他未表征的进入因子。在这里,我们使用表达东部马脑炎病毒(EEEV)结构蛋白的嵌合甲病毒在小鼠神经元细胞中进行了 CRISPR-Cas9 全基因组功能丧失筛查,并将 LDLR 鉴定为候选受体。 LDLR在神经元或非神经元细胞表面的表达促进EEEV、西方马脑炎病毒和塞姆利基森林病毒的结合和感染。域作图和结合研究揭示了与 LA 域 3 (LA3) 的低亲和力相互作用,可以通过 LA3 重复序列的串联来增强这种相互作用。具有多个 LA3 重复序列的可溶性诱饵蛋白可抑制细胞培养物和小鼠中的 EEEV 感染。我们的结果确定 LDLR 是多种甲病毒的低亲和力受体,并强调了开发减轻感染和疾病的抑制剂的可能途径。马等人。确定 LDLR 是东部马脑炎病毒 (EEEV) 和其他甲病毒的进入受体。具有 LDLR 多个 LA 结构域 3 重复序列的可溶性诱饵蛋白可抑制细胞培养物和小鼠中的 EEEV 感染。
Members of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) family, including LDLRAD3, VLDLR, and ApoER2, were recently described as entry factors for different alphaviruses. However, based on studies with gene edited cells and knockout mice, blockade or abrogation of these receptors does not fully inhibit alphavirus infection, indicating the existence of additional uncharacterized entry factors. Here, we perform a CRISPR-Cas9 genome-wide loss-of-function screen in mouse neuronal cells with a chimeric alphavirus expressing the Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) structural proteins and identify LDLR as a candidate receptor. Expression of LDLR on the surface of neuronal or non-neuronal cells facilitates binding and infection of EEEV, Western equine encephalitis virus, and Semliki Forest virus. Domain mapping and binding studies reveal a low-affinity interaction with LA domain 3 (LA3) that can be enhanced by concatenation of LA3 repeats. Soluble decoy proteins with multiple LA3 repeats inhibit EEEV infection in cell culture and in mice. Our results establish LDLR as a low-affinity receptor for multiple alphaviruses and highlight a possible path for developing inhibitors that could mitigate infection and disease. Ma et al. identify LDLR as an entry receptor for Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) and other alphaviruses. Soluble decoy proteins with multiple LA domain 3 repeats of LDLR inhibit EEEV infection in cell culture and mice.
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