Alteration of plasma glutamate and glutamine levels in children with high-functioning autism.
Alteration of plasma glutamate and glutamine levels in children with high-functioning autism.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0025340
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Mori N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shimmura C;Suda S;Tsuchiya KJ;Hashimoto K;Ohno K;Matsuzaki H;Iwata K;Matsumoto K;Wakuda T;Kameno Y;Suzuki K;Tsujii M;Nakamura K;Takei N;Mori N
最近有人假设大脑中的高谷氨酸血症与自闭症的病理生理学有关。然而，没有确凿的证据证明这一假设的有效性。据报道，外周谷氨酸/谷氨酰胺水平与中枢神经系统相关，作者检查了未接受药物治疗的高功能自闭症 (HFA) 男性儿童的贫血小板血浆中 25 种氨基酸（包括谷氨酸和谷氨酰胺）的水平与正常对照相比是否会发生变化。使用高效液相色谱法测定了使用 HFA 的男孩 (N = 23) 和发育正常的健康男性对照 (N = 22) 的 25 种氨基酸的血浆水平。分析中允许进行多次测试。与正常对照组相比，HFA组血浆谷氨酸水平较高，血浆谷氨酰胺水平较低。其余 23 个氨基酸没有发现显着的组间差异。谷氨酸和谷氨酰胺的效应量（Cohen's d）很大：分别为 1.13 和 1.36。使用逻辑回归判别分析，血浆谷氨酸和谷氨酰胺的两个值被证明可以很好地区分 HFA 组和对照组；分类正确率为91%。目前的研究表明，血浆谷氨酸和谷氨酰胺水平可以作为早期发现自闭症，尤其是智商正常的自闭症的诊断工具。这些发现表明大脑中的谷氨酸异常可能与自闭症的病理学有关。
It has recently been hypothesized that hyperglutamatergia in the brain is involved in the pathophysiology of autism. However, there is no conclusive evidence of the validity of this hypothesis. As peripheral glutamate/glutamine levels have been reported to be correlated with those of the central nervous system, the authors examined whether the levels of 25 amino acids, including glutamate and glutamine, in the platelet-poor plasma of drug-naïve, male children with high-functioning autism (HFA) would be altered compared with those of normal controls. Plasma levels of 25 amino acids in male children (N = 23) with HFA and normally developed healthy male controls (N = 22) were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. Multiple testing was allowed for in the analyses. Compared with the normal control group, the HFA group had higher levels of plasma glutamate and lower levels of plasma glutamine. No significant group difference was found in the remaining 23 amino acids. The effect size (Cohen's d) for glutamate and glutamine was large: 1.13 and 1.36, respectively. Using discriminant analysis with logistic regression, the two values of plasma glutamate and glutamine were shown to well-differentiate the HFA group from the control group; the rate of correct classification was 91%. The present study suggests that plasma glutamate and glutamine levels can serve as a diagnostic tool for the early detection of autism, especially normal IQ autism. These findings indicate that glutamatergic abnormalities in the brain may be associated with the pathobiology of autism.
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