Ceiling effects in the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2) suggest that non-parametric scoring methods are required.
Ceiling effects in the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2) suggest that non-parametric scoring methods are required.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0198426
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Holmes NP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
French B;Sycamore NJ;McGlashan HL;Blanchard CCV;Holmes NP
儿童运动评估组合-2(MABC-2)最初是为了在临床环境中识别儿童运动障碍而设计的，在研究中也被广泛用于评估儿童的运动。在正态分布数据的假设下，使用参数方法计算标准化分数。在对35名8-10岁儿童的初步研究中(即在MABC-2的年龄段2)，我们发现经常达到最高表现。这些“天花板效应”造成的分数分布可能违反了参数假设。对正态、偏度和拟合度的测试揭示了这一违规行为，在八个子测试中的三个上表现得最为明显。在161名儿童样本(8-10岁，实验1)中，再次观察到与常态的强烈偏离，但通过修改评分方法，并在达到最大成绩时实施为年龄较大的儿童设计的项目，天花板效应得到了减少。实验2(n=81，7-10年)进一步完善了给药和评分方法，并再次改善了分数的分布。尽管减少了天花板效应，分数仍保持非参数分布，证明了非参数分析方法的合理性。通过随机和重复地从原始数据中重新采样，我们生成了非参数参考分布，用于为每个孩子的表现分配百分位数，并将结果与标准化分数进行比较。用参数方法和非参数方法得到的分数的分布是不对称的，并且这些方法导致相同数据的不同排名。总体而言，我们证明了一些MABC-2项目的分数不是正态分布的，违反了参数假设。管理和评分方面的变化可能会部分解决这些问题。我们建议使用重采样或其他非参数方法来创建新的参考分布，以参考单个孩子的表现。我们建议的修改是初步的，但这意味着需要一个新的标准化来处理通过MABC-2性能测试获得的非参数数据。
Initially designed to identify children’s movement impairments in clinical settings, the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2) is also widely used to evaluate children’s movement in research. Standardised scores on the test are calculated using parametric methods under the assumption of normally-distributed data. In a pilot study with thirty five 8–10 year old children (i.e., in Age Band 2 of the MABC-2), we found that maximal performance was often reached. These ‘ceiling effects’ created distributions of scores that may violate parametric assumptions. Tests of normality, skew, and goodness-of-fit revealed this violation, most clearly on three of the eight sub-tests. A strong deviation from normality was again observed in a sample of 161 children (8–10 years, Experiment 1), however ceiling effects were reduced by modifying the scoring methods, and administering items designed for older children when maximal performance was reached. Experiment 2 (n = 81, 7–10 years) further refined the administration and scoring methods, and again improved the distributions of scores. Despite reducing ceiling effects, scores remained non-parametrically distributed, justifying non-parametric analytic approaches. By randomly and repeatedly resampling from the raw data, we generated non-parametric reference distributions for assigning percentiles to each child’s performance, and compared the results with the standardised scores. Distributions of scores obtained with both parametric and non-parametric methods were skewed, and the methods resulted in different rankings of the same data. Overall, we demonstrate that some MABC-2 item scores are not normally-distributed, and violate parametric assumptions. Changes in administering and scoring may partially address these issues. We propose that resampling or other non-parametric methods are required to create new reference distributions to which an individual child’s performance can be referred. The modifications we propose are preliminary, but the implication is that a new standardisation is required to deal with the non-parametric data acquired with the MABC-2 performance test.
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