DNA methylation methods: Global DNA methylation and methylomic analyses.
DNA methylation methods: Global DNA methylation and methylomic analyses.
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DNA甲基化方法：全球DNA甲基化和甲基化组学分析。
DOI：
10.1016/j.ymeth.2020.10.002
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发表时间：
2021-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Tollefsbol TO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li S;Tollefsbol TO
DNA甲基化提供了真核生物中表观遗传调控的关键层，其与健康和疾病中的许多生物过程有重要关系。DNA中胞嘧啶碱基甲基化的功能最初被提出作为一种“沉默”的表观遗传标记，几十年来一直关注基因的启动子区域。随着技术的进步和研究的不断深入，我们对DNA甲基化作用的认识已经扩展到包括基因体、重复序列和转录起始位点在内的各种基因组背景。对全面描述DNA甲基化模式的需求催生了多种针对其基因组分布的DNA甲基化分析技术。这些方法使得能够在基因组水平上从限制区域的特定基因座测量胞嘧啶甲基化到单碱基对分辨率。本文从DNA样品的初始处理出发，对亚硫酸氢盐转化、核酸内切酶消化和亲和富集等DNA甲基化分析技术的方法学演变、原理、应用及其优缺点进行了综述。本文的综述可为全基因组DNA甲基化分析平台的选择提供参考。
DNA methylation provides a pivotal layer of epigenetic regulation in eukaryotes that has significant involvement for numerous biological processes in health and disease. The function of methylation of cytosine bases in DNA was originally proposed as a “silencing” epigenetic marker and focused on promoter regions of genes for decades. Improved technologies and accumulating studies have been extending our understanding of the roles of DNA methylation to various genomic contexts including gene bodies, repeat sequences and transcriptional start sites. The demand for comprehensively describing DNA methylation patterns spawns a diversity of DNA methylation profiling technologies that target its genomic distribution. These approaches have enabled the measurement of cytosine methylation from specific loci at restricted regions to single-base-pair resolution on a genome-scale level. In this review, we discuss the different DNA methylation analysis technologies primarily based on the initial treatments of DNA samples: bisulfite conversion, endonuclease digestion and affinity enrichment, involving methodology evolution, principles, applications, and their relative merits. This review may offer referable information for the selection of various platforms for genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation.
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