Respiratory infection risk-based ventilation design method.

Respiratory infection risk-based ventilation design method.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.108387
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发表时间:
2021-12
影响因子:
7.4
通讯作者:
Morawska L
Morawska L
中科院分区:
工程技术1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kurnitski J;Kiil M;Wargocki P;Boerstra A;Seppänen O;Olesen B;Morawska L

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为控制室内空间呼吸道感染风险,提出了一种计算新风通风量的新设计方法。我们建议在未来的通风标准中采用这种方法,以补充现有的通风标准,该标准是根据可察觉的空气质量和污染物清除情况制定的。该方法使得在给定的感染概率和量子发射率下计算所需通风量成为可能。本工作使用的是SARS-CoV-2的量子发射率,因此该方法也可以应用于其他有量子数据的呼吸道病毒。该方法被应用于代表公共建筑中典型房间的案例研究。为了减少感染的可能性,每个感染者的总风量是降低感染风险的最重要的参数。EN 16798-1标准中规定的I类通风率符合所检查的许多但不是所有类型的空间。要求的通风量从每间房约80%的L/S开始。选定案例研究的结果之间差异很大,因此不可能提供估计所需通气率的简单规则。因此,我们得出结论,为了设计出低感染风险的房间,必须使用新开发的通风设计方法。
A new design method is proposed to calculate outdoor air ventilation rates to control respiratory infection risk in indoor spaces. We propose to use this method in future ventilation standards to complement existing ventilation criteria based on the perceived air quality and pollutant removal. The proposed method makes it possible to calculate the required ventilation rate at a given probability of infection and quanta emission rate. Present work used quanta emission rates for SARS-CoV-2 and consequently the method can be applied for other respiratory viruses with available quanta data. The method was applied to case studies representing typical rooms in public buildings. To reduce the probability of infection, the total airflow rate per infectious person revealed to be the most important parameter to reduce the infection risk. Category I ventilation rate prescribed in the EN 16798-1 standard satisfied many but not all type of spaces examined. The required ventilation rates started from about 80 L/s per room. Large variations between the results for the selected case studies made it impossible to provide a simple rule for estimating the required ventilation rates. Consequently, we conclude that to design rooms with a low infection risk the newly developed ventilation design method must be used.
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