To Stick or Not to Stick: The Multiple Roles of Cell Adhesion Molecules in Neural Circuit Assembly.

To Stick or Not to Stick: The Multiple Roles of Cell Adhesion Molecules in Neural Circuit Assembly.
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坚持或不坚持:细胞粘附分子在神经回路组件中的多个作用。

DOI:
10.3389/fnins.2022.889155
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
4.3
通讯作者:
Poulain, Fabienne E.
Poulain, Fabienne E.
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Moreland, Trevor;Poulain, Fabienne E.

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神经回路的精确布线对于大脑的连接和功能至关重要。在发育过程中,轴突对细胞外基质或其他细胞表面存在的不同线索做出反应,以导航到特定的目标,在那里它们与突触后伴侣建立精确的连接。细胞粘附分子(CAM)代表了一大组结构多样的蛋白质,众所周知,介导神经回路组装的粘附。通过它们的粘附特性,CAM充当轴突导航、成束和突触形成的主要调节剂。虽然CAM的粘附功能已经知道了几十年,但最近的研究也揭示了基本的非粘附功能。CAM特别是作为指导线索和调节轴突寻路的指导信号传导途径,启动接触介导的排斥轴突乔木的空间组织,并在电路成熟过程中完善神经元的投射。在这篇综述中,我们总结了经典的粘附功能的CAMs在轴突的发展,并进一步讨论了越来越多的其他非粘附功能的CAMs在神经电路组装。
Precise wiring of neural circuits is essential for brain connectivity and function. During development, axons respond to diverse cues present in the extracellular matrix or at the surface of other cells to navigate to specific targets, where they establish precise connections with post-synaptic partners. Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) represent a large group of structurally diverse proteins well known to mediate adhesion for neural circuit assembly. Through their adhesive properties, CAMs act as major regulators of axon navigation, fasciculation, and synapse formation. While the adhesive functions of CAMs have been known for decades, more recent studies have unraveled essential, non-adhesive functions as well. CAMs notably act as guidance cues and modulate guidance signaling pathways for axon pathfinding, initiate contact-mediated repulsion for spatial organization of axonal arbors, and refine neuronal projections during circuit maturation. In this review, we summarize the classical adhesive functions of CAMs in axonal development and further discuss the increasing number of other non-adhesive functions CAMs play in neural circuit assembly.
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