Impaired disengagement from worry: Dissociating the impacts of valence and internally-directed attention.
Impaired disengagement from worry: Dissociating the impacts of valence and internally-directed attention.
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摆脱忧虑的能力受损：将效价和内部注意力的影响区分开来。
DOI：
10.1016/j.brat.2022.104242
复制
发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Hallion,LaurenS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Caulfield,MaryK;Hallion,LaurenS
忧虑是一种重复的、消极的思维过程，人们普遍认为它难以控制。尽管无法控制的担忧对学业和其他角色功能有不利影响，但人们对担忧变得无法控制的机制仍然知之甚少。以往的实验工作历来强调价态（负与正或中性）。然而，当代认知神经科学也区分了内定向注意（例如，思想）和外定向注意（例如，感知刺激）。到目前为止，还没有实验研究检验效价和注意方向对从忧虑中分离受损的潜在可解离贡献。在2（负或中性效价）× 2（内部或外部注意）受试者之间，实验和前瞻性设计(https://osf。io/vdyfn/)，参与者（N= 200）完成了随机分配的注意操作和验证的持续注意任务的交替块。参与者还在实验阶段（T1）和自然压力源（期末考试前一周；T2）对特质焦虑和痛苦进行了评分。有一个主要的影响，如内部指导的注意力损害持续的注意力（增加佣金错误）。焦虑（内部x负）也损害了计划组的持续注意力（反应更快但更不准确）。特质焦虑并没有缓和这些影响。T1时的持续注意不能预测T2应激源时的痛苦或担忧。这些发现增加了关于焦虑的注意力后果的文献，并复制和扩展了先前的研究结果，即实验诱导的焦虑改变了速度-准确性权衡。我们还发现了内在导向（相对于外在导向）注意力脱离受损的证据，这可能有助于解释从相关形式的持续性思维（例如，反刍）中受损的脱离。
Worry is a repetitive, negative thought process that is widely experienced as difficult to control. Despite the adverse effects of uncontrollable worry on academic and other role functioning, the mechanisms by which worry becomes uncontrollable remain poorly understood. Previous experimental work has historically emphasized valence (negative versus positive or neutral). However, contemporary cognitive neuroscience also distinguishes between internally-directed attention (e.g., to thoughts) and externally-directed attention (e.g., to perceptual stimuli). To date, no studies have experimentally examined potential dissociable contributions of valence versus attentional direction to impaired disengagement from worry. In a 2 (negative or neutral valence) x 2 (internal or external attention) between-subjects, experimental and prospective design (https://osf.io/vdyfn/), participants (N= 200) completed alternating blocks of a randomly-assigned attention manipulation and validated sustained attention task. Participants also rated trait worry and distress during the experimental session (T1) and a naturalistic stressor (the week before finals; T2). There was a main effect, such that internally-directed attention impaired sustained attention (increased commission errors). Worry (internal x negative) also impaired sustained attention (faster and less accurate responding) in planned group contrasts. Trait worry did not moderate these effects. Sustained attention at T1 did not predict distress or worry during the T2 stressor. These findings augment the literature on the attentional consequences of worry and replicate and extend previous findings of altered speed-accuracy tradeoffs following experimentally-induced worry. We also find evidence for impaired disengagement from internally-directed (versus externally-directed) attention, which may help to explain impaired disengagement from related forms of perseverative thought (e.g., rumination).
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0504136102
发表时间：
2005-07-05
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Fox, MD;Snyder, AZ;Raichle, ME
通讯作者：
Raichle, ME
影响因子：
--
作者：
Vandierendonck A
通讯作者：
Vandierendonck A
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Hallion, Lauren S.;Ruscio, Ayelet Meron
通讯作者：
Ruscio, Ayelet Meron
界定广泛性焦虑症的界限：区分患有和不患有广泛性焦虑症的高度担忧者。
影响因子：
10.3
作者：
Ruscio,AyeletMeron
通讯作者：
Ruscio,AyeletMeron
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Menon, Vinod;Uddin, Lucina Q.
通讯作者：
Uddin, Lucina Q.