When Empirical Success Implies Theoretical Reference: A Structural Correspondence Theorem

When Empirical Success Implies Theoretical Reference: A Structural Correspondence Theorem
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当经验的成功意味着理论参考时:结构对应定理

DOI:
10.1093/bjps/axn049
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发表时间:
2009
期刊:
The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Schurz
Schurz
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schurz

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本文从对当代科学实在论争论的简要回顾开始,提出以下论点:假设理论 T 在应用领域 A 中取得了经验上的成功,但后来被更优秀的理论 T* 取代,该理论在 A 中同样成功,但具有任意不同的理论上层建筑。那么在自然条件下T包含某些理论表达式,这产生了T的经验成功,使得这些T表达式(在A中)对应于T*的某些理论表达式,并且假设T*为真,它们间接引用由T*的这些表达式所表示的实体。本论文首先受到对燃素-氧例子的研究的启发。然后以逻辑定理的形式证明了论文,并通过进一步的例子进行了说明。最后几节解释了对应定理如何证明科学实在论的合理性,并指出了所建议的解释的优点。
Starting from a brief recapitulation of the contemporary debate on scientific realism, this paper argues for the following thesis: Assume a theory T has been empirically successful in a domain of application A, but was superseded later on by a superior theory T*, which was likewise successful in A but has an arbitrarily different theoretical superstructure. Then under natural conditions T contains certain theoretical expressions, which yielded T's empirical success, such that these T-expressions correspond (in A) to certain theoretical expressions of T*, and given T* is true, they refer indirectly to the entities denoted by these expressions of T*. The thesis is first motivated by a study of the phlogiston–oxygen example. Then the thesis is proved in the form of a logical theorem, and illustrated by further examples. The final sections explain how the correspondence theorem justifies scientific realism and work out the advantages of the suggested account.
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